The term mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) designates an assorted cell population comprised of stem cells, progenitor cells, fibroblasts, and stromal cells. MSCs contribute to the homeostatic maintenance of many organs through paracrine and long-distance signaling. Tissue environment, in both physiological and pathological conditions, may affect the intercellular communication of MSCs. We performed a secretome analysis of MSCs isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue (sWAT) and visceral adipose tissue (vWAT), and from bone marrow (BM), of normal and obese mice. The MSCs isolated from tissues of healthy mice share a common core of released factors: components of cytoskeletal and extracellular structures; regulators of basic cellular functions, such as protein synthesis and degradation; modulators of endoplasmic reticulum stress; and counteracting oxidative stress. It can be hypothesized that MSC secretome beneficially affects target cells by the horizontal transfer of many released factors. Each type of MSC may exert specific signaling functions, which could be determined by looking at the many factors that are exclusively released from every MSC type. The vWAT-MSCs release factors that play a role in detoxification activity in response to toxic substances and drugs. The sWAT-MSC secretome contains proteins involved in in chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis. Analysis of BM-MSC secretome revealed that these cells exert a signaling function by remodeling extracellular matrix structures, such as those containing glycosaminoglycans. Obesity status profoundly modified the secretome content of MSCs, impairing the above-described activity and promoting the release of inflammatory factors. We demonstrated that the content of MSC secretomes depends on tissue microenvironment and that pathological condition may profoundly alter its composition.

中文翻译：

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对正常和肥胖小鼠的比较研究表明，间充质基质细胞的分泌组受组织环境和病理生理条件的影响。

术语间充质基质细胞 (MSC) 是指由干细胞、祖细胞、成纤维细胞和基质细胞组成的混合细胞群。间充质干细胞通过旁分泌和长距离信号传导促进许多器官的稳态维持。生理和病理条件下的组织环境都可能影响 MSCs 的细胞间通讯。我们对从正常和肥胖小鼠的皮下脂肪组织 (sWAT) 和内脏脂肪组织 (vWAT) 以及骨髓 (BM) 中分离的 MSC 进行了分泌组分析。从健康小鼠组织中分离的 MSCs 共享一个共同的核心释放因子：细胞骨架和细胞外结构的成分；基本细胞功能的调节剂，例如蛋白质合成和降解；内质网应激调节剂；和对抗氧化应激。可以假设 MSC 分泌组通过许多释放因子的水平转移对靶细胞产生有益的影响。每种类型的 MSC 都可以发挥特定的信令功能，这可以通过查看从每种类型的 MSC 中专门释放的许多因素来确定。vWAT-MSCs 释放因子，这些因子在响应有毒物质和药物的解毒活动中发挥作用。sWAT-MSC 分泌组包含参与软骨形成、成骨和血管生成的蛋白质。BM-MSC 分泌组的分析表明，这些细胞通过重塑细胞外基质结构（例如含有糖胺聚糖的结构）发挥信号传导功能。肥胖状态深刻改变了 MSCs 的分泌组含量，损害上述活性并促进炎症因子的释放。我们证明了 MSC 分泌组的含量取决于组织微环境，病理状况可能会深刻改变其组成。