Adherence to asthma treatment among children is usually poor. We sought to explore whether electronic adherence monitoring combined with weekly feedback regarding adherence along with a reminder to use inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) would lead to improved compliance with ICS in infants and younger children with asthma. 96 recruited children (aged 6 months to 3 years) with mild or moderate persistent asthma who were on regular inhaled corticosteroids were randomly allocated to receive electronic monitoring combined with instant messaging software (IMS)-based weekly feedback regarding adherence along with a reminder to keep taking the ICS (intervention group) and to receive electronic monitoring only (control group). The mean device-monitored adherence was significantly higher in the intervention group (80%) than in the control group (45.9%), with a difference of 34.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 26.8–41.3%; P < 0.001). No difference in the mean caregiver-reported adherence between the interventional group (89.7%) and the control group (92.7%) was observed (P = 0.452). Electronic monitoring combined with IMS-based weekly feedback regarding adherence along with a reminder to keep taking the ICS significantly improved the treatment compliance of infants and younger children with asthma. Caregiver-reported adherence is an unreliable monitoring indicator. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03277664. Registered 11 September 2017—Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT03277664

中文翻译：

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电子监测结合每周反馈和提醒对哮喘婴幼儿吸入皮质类固醇依从性的影响：一项随机对照试验。

儿童哮喘治疗的依从性通常较差。我们试图探索电子依从性监测结合每周关于依从性的反馈以及使用吸入性皮质类固醇 (ICS) 的提醒是否会提高患有哮喘的婴儿和年幼儿童对 ICS 的依从性。96 名接受定期吸入皮质类固醇的轻度或中度持续性哮喘儿童（6 个月至 3 岁）被随机分配接受电子监测和基于即时消息软件 (IMS) 的每周关于依从性的反馈以及提醒保持服用 ICS（干预组）并仅接受电子监测（对照组）。干预组（80%）的平均设备监测依从性显着高于对照组（45.9%），差异为 34.0%（95% 置信区间 [CI]，26.8–41.3%；P < 0.001）。干预组 (89.7%) 和对照组 (92.7%) 之间的平均护理人员报告的依从性没有差异 (P = 0.452)。电子监测与基于 IMS 的关于依从性的每周反馈以及继续服用 ICS 的提醒相结合，显着提高了患有哮喘的婴幼儿的治疗依从性。护理人员报告的依从性是一个不可靠的监测指标。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov，NCT03277664。2017 年 9 月 11 日注册——追溯注册，https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT03277664 干预组 (89.7%) 和对照组 (92.7%) 之间的平均护理人员报告的依从性没有差异 (P = 0.452)。电子监测与基于 IMS 的关于依从性的每周反馈以及继续服用 ICS 的提醒相结合，显着提高了患有哮喘的婴幼儿的治疗依从性。护理人员报告的依从性是一个不可靠的监测指标。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov，NCT03277664。2017 年 9 月 11 日注册——追溯注册，https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT03277664 干预组 (89.7%) 和对照组 (92.7%) 之间的平均护理人员报告的依从性没有差异 (P = 0.452)。电子监测与基于 IMS 的关于依从性的每周反馈以及继续服用 ICS 的提醒相结合，显着提高了患有哮喘的婴幼儿的治疗依从性。护理人员报告的依从性是一个不可靠的监测指标。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov，NCT03277664。2017 年 9 月 11 日注册——追溯注册，https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT03277664 电子监测与基于 IMS 的关于依从性的每周反馈以及继续服用 ICS 的提醒相结合，显着提高了患有哮喘的婴幼儿的治疗依从性。护理人员报告的依从性是一个不可靠的监测指标。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov，NCT03277664。2017 年 9 月 11 日注册——追溯注册，https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT03277664 电子监测与基于 IMS 的关于依从性的每周反馈以及继续服用 ICS 的提醒相结合，显着提高了患有哮喘的婴幼儿的治疗依从性。护理人员报告的依从性是一个不可靠的监测指标。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov，NCT03277664。2017 年 9 月 11 日注册——追溯注册，https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT03277664