We have produced RNA sequencing data for 53 primary cells from different locations in the human body. The clustering of these primary cells reveals that most cells in the human body share a few broad transcriptional programs, which define five major cell types: epithelial, endothelial, mesenchymal, neural, and blood cells. These act as basic components of many tissues and organs. Based on gene expression, these cell types redefine the basic histological types by which tissues have been traditionally classified. We identified genes whose expression is specific to these cell types, and from these genes, we estimated the contribution of the major cell types to the composition of human tissues. We found this cellular composition to be a characteristic signature of tissues and to reflect tissue morphological heterogeneity and histology. We identified changes in cellular composition in different tissues associated with age and sex, and found that departures from the normal cellular composition correlate with histological phenotypes associated with disease.

中文翻译：

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一组有限的转录程序定义了主要的细胞类型。

我们已经为来自人体不同部位的 53 个原代细胞生成了 RNA 测序数据。这些原代细胞的聚集表明，人体中的大多数细胞共享一些广泛的转录程序，这些程序定义了五种主要细胞类型：上皮细胞、内皮细胞、间充质细胞、神经细胞和血细胞。它们是许多组织和器官的基本组成部分。基于基因表达，这些细胞类型重新定义了传统上对组织进行分类的基本组织学类型。我们确定了表达特定于这些细胞类型的基因，并从这些基因中，我们估计了主要细胞类型对人体组织组成的贡献。我们发现这种细胞组成是组织的特征特征，并反映了组织形态异质性和组织学。