A community‐based, real‐time, groundwater level monitoring network consisting of 11 sites was built in Nova Scotia, Canada, using privately owned domestic wells and low‐cost, custom‐made water level meters. The real‐time meters use an ultrasonic sensor to measure water levels and an Internet‐of‐Things device to transmit the data to the Internet by WiFi or cellular connection. The water level data are plotted in real‐time on a time‐series graph and are available immediately for online viewing and downloading. Based on observations at three sites, the real‐time water level meter data compare well to pressure transducer measurements, with mean absolute errors of less than 0.02 m. The meters are simple to build, and components are readily available from online suppliers at low cost.

中文翻译：

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建立低成本的物联网实时地下水位监测网络

在加拿大新斯科舍省建立了一个社区实时的地下水位监测网络，该网络由11个站点组成，使用私有的家庭水井和低成本的定制水位计。实时仪表使用超声波传感器测量水位，并使用物联网设备通过WiFi或蜂窝连接将数据传输到互联网。水位数据实时绘制在时间序列图上，可立即用于在线查看和下载。根据在三个站点的观察，实时水位计数据与压力传感器的测量结果进行了很好的比较，平均绝对误差小于0.02 m。这些仪表易于制造，并且可以很容易地从在线供应商处以低成本获得组件。