Exploring the Influences of Conductive Graphite on Hydroxylammonium Nitrate (HAN)‐Based Electrically Controlled Solid Propellant,Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics

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Exploring the Influences of Conductive Graphite on Hydroxylammonium Nitrate (HAN)‐Based Electrically Controlled Solid Propellant
Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-29 , DOI: 10.1002/prep.202000049
Lirong Bao _{1,

2} , Hui Wang _{1,

2} , Tingting Zheng ₃ , Suhang Chen _{1,

2} , Wei Zhang _{1,

2} , Xiaojun Zhang ₄ , Yinsheng Huang ₁ , Ruiqi Shen _{1,

2} , Yinghua Ye _{1,

2}

Affiliation

The electrically controlled solid propellant (ECSP) has many advantages that are not available with traditional propellants, such as multiple start/stop operations and controllable thrust. In this research, conductive graphite (C) was employed as an additive to hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN)‐based ECSPs to enhance electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, and the influences of C on the burning characteristics of ECSPs were investigated by some characterization methods. The addition of 5 % C increases the electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity by 13.2 % and 18.9 %, while reduces the theoretical specific impulse (Isp) and adiabatic flame temperature (T_f) by 7.9 % and 18.4 %. C acting as electric and heat energy transfer media was demonstrated by TG‐DSC. ECSPs containing 1 %, 3 %, and 5 % C reinforce the burning rate by 11.4 %, 25.6 %, 35.9 % and mass loss by 6.9 %, 22.3 %, 47.8 % at 200 V; and enhance the burning rate by 39.2 %, 62.4 %, 104.9 %, and mass loss by 46.7 %, 84.7 %, 200.1 % at 0.6 MPa. This can be explained by the fact that the increase in electrical conductivity promotes the electrochemical decomposition rate of the ionic oxidizer in ECSPs at atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa) and the rise in thermal conductivity promotes the heat transfer to the unburned zone of the propellant under high pressure (0.2 MPa∼0.6 MPa).

中文翻译：

探索导电石墨对基于硝酸羟铵（HAN）的电控固体推进剂的影响

电控固体推进剂（ECSP）具有许多传统推进剂无法获得的优势，例如多次启动/停止操作和可控推力。在这项研究中，导电石墨（C）被用作基于硝酸铵（HAN）的ECSP的添加剂，以增强导电性和导热性，并通过一些表征方法研究了C对ECSP燃烧特性的影响。添加5％C可使电导率和热导率分别增加13.2％和18.9％，同时降低理论比冲量（Isp）和绝热火焰温度（T _f）分别为7.9％和18.4％。TG-DSC证明了C作为电能和热能传递介质。在200 V电压下，含1％，3％和5％C的ECSP可将燃烧率提高11.4％，25.6％，35.9％，质量损失可提高6.9％，22.3％，47.8％；在0.6 MPa时，燃烧率提高了39.2％，62.4％，104.9％，质量损失提高了46.7％，84.7％，200.1％。这可以用以下事实解释：电导率的增加促进了大气压下（0.1 MPa）ECSPs中离子氧化剂的电化学分解速率，而热导率的升高则促进了在高温下推进剂向未燃烧区域的传热。压力（0.2 MPa〜0.6 MPa）。

更新日期：2020-07-29

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