Escalating drug costs place patients at risk for financial toxicity and demand that physicians understand and act on the ethical and economic principles related to drug pricing. This manuscript reviews these principles and provides clinicians with a framework to think about the value of the drugs prescribed for patients with neuromuscular diseases. A key component of addressing the drug pricing crisis will be establishing a value based (benefit/cost) drug pricing framework. Determining the value of a drug is difficult and requires estimating the benefit and costs to patients and society while integrating indirect and contextual variables. Other considerations in drug pricing include “externality,” the value to society derived from innovation. The Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) is a leading independent research organization providing clinicians with value‐based price “benchmarks.” All physicians must educate themselves in drug pricing principles and be prepared to have conversations regarding individual and societal value with the patients they serve.

中文翻译：

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美国药品定价中的危机：神经肌肉疾病患者，医生和社会的后果，第2部分。

不断上涨的药品成本使患者面临财务中毒的风险，并要求医生理解并采取与药品定价有关的道德和经济原则。该手稿回顾了这些原理，并为临床医生提供了一个框架，以考虑处方药对神经肌肉疾病患者的价值。解决药品价格危机的关键因素是建立基于价值（收益/成本）的药品价格框架。确定药物的价值是困难的，并且需要在整合间接变量和上下文变量的同时估算给患者和社会带来的利益和成本。药品定价中的其他考虑因素包括“外部性”，即创新带来的社会价值。临床与经济评论研究所（ICER）是一家领先的独立研究机构，为临床医生提供基于价值的价格“基准”。所有医生都必须对药物定价原则进行自我教育，并准备与所服务的患者就个人和社会价值进行对话。