Abstract In July 2013, a Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jager, 1839) skull was found along the Po River near Spinadesco (Cremona, Lombardia, Northern Italy). It was found in an excellent preservation status even if without the lower jaw as well as the third left upper molar. At that time, a certain amount of plant remains was found inside the dental fossettae. Later pollen analyses on this material were carried out in order to hypothesize the possible diet/nutrition as well as the related living conditions of S. kirchbergensis on that territory. These analyses revealed that the material consists of peat containing an amount of 496 pollen and spores. This assemblage allows to assume that S. kirchbergensis from Spinadesco lived in interglacial periods within the MIS 19–MIS 5 time span (late Middle Pleistocene). The pollen complex is suggesting a palaeoenvironmental landscape like a grassy vast alluvial plain above which there were mesophilic forests dominated by beeches, therefore in a moderately humid climate. S. kirchbergensis from Spinadesco probably consumed twigs of the sea buckhorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) and Rosaceae shrubs as well as Asteraceae. Finally, the most probable time of its death and its relative burial was in a spring or in a summer period coinciding with blossom period for sea buckhorn. Up to now as few S. kirchbergensis remains were found in a relatively limited number of localities on the vast Eurasian landmass, it still appears to be a rare species. Furthermore, no chrono- or biostratigraphic data are available in most of the cases. The S. kirchbergensis skull from Spinadesco represents one of these cases.

中文翻译：

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来自波谷（意大利北部伦巴第）的 Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis（Jäger，1839）（哺乳动物，犀牛科）：可能的饮食/营养和生活条件

摘要 2013 年 7 月，在斯皮纳德斯科（克雷莫纳，伦巴第大区，意大利北部）附近的波河沿岸发现了 Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jager, 1839) 头骨。即使没有下颌和左上第三磨牙，它也被发现处于良好的保存状态。当时，在牙窝内发现了一定数量的植物残骸。后来对该材料进行了花粉分析，以推测该领土上 S. kirchbergensis 可能的饮食/营养以及相关的生活条件。这些分析表明，该材料由泥炭组成，其中含有 496 个花粉和孢子。这种组合允许假设来自 Spinadesco 的 S. kirchbergensis 生活在 MIS 19-MIS 5 时间跨度（中更新世晚期）内的间冰期。花粉复合体暗示着古环境景观，如一片长满草的广阔冲积平原，上面有以山毛榉为主的中温森林，因此气候中等。来自 Spinadesco 的 S. kirchbergensis 可能食用沙棘 (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) 和蔷薇科灌木以及菊科的树枝。最后，它死亡和相对埋葬的最可能时间是在春季或夏季，恰逢沙棘开花期。直到现在，由于在欧亚大陆广大地区的数量相对有限的地方发现了很少的基希伯氏金龟子遗骸，它仍然看起来是一种稀有物种。此外，在大多数情况下，没有时间或生物地层数据可用。来自 Spinadesco 的 S. kirchbergensis 头骨代表了这些案例之一。