Sleep disturbances are highly prevalent across all stages of Bipolar Disorder. Despite a wealth of research on the neurophysiological features of sleep in this population, progress in this field has been slow. We aimed to review the literature on sleep electroencephalography (EEG) studies in Bipolar Disorder, considering sleep architecture and microstructural oscillatory activity.

We included a total of 22 studies: six on sleep during manic episodes, seven during depressive episodes, seven in euthymic patients and two in high-risk individuals. The most consistent findings were increased SOL and REM density across all stages of the disorder. Only two studies reported a reduced spindle count during bipolar depression and euthymia, respectively. Although not specific for Bipolar Disorder, SOL and REM density have been repeatedly found to be increased across all stages of illness in this population. Whereas the former reflects a difficulty initiating sleep, the latter can be considered a neurophysiological signature of patients’ overall reduced sleep need, independent of illness stage.

睡眠障碍在双相情感障碍的所有阶段都非常普遍。尽管对该人群的睡眠的神经生理学特征进行了大量研究，但该领域的进展缓慢。我们旨在回顾有关双相情感障碍的睡眠脑电图（EEG）研究的文献，考虑到睡眠结构和微结构振荡活动。

我们总共进行了22项研究：躁狂发作中有6次睡眠，抑郁症发作中有7次，安乐死患者中有7例，高危人群中有2项。最一致的发现是该疾病所有阶段的SOL和REM密度增加。只有两项研究报道了双相抑郁症和胸膜炎患者心轴数减少。尽管并非特定于双相情感障碍，但在该人群的各个阶段的疾病中，反复发现SOL和REM密度会增加。前者反映出难以入睡，而后者可被视为患者总体睡眠需求减少的神经生理学特征，与疾病阶段无关。