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Risk factors, etiology, and outcome of ischemic stroke in young adults: A Japanese multicenter prospective study
Journal of the Neurological Sciences ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.117068
Yu Kono 1 , Yuka Terasawa 2 , Kenichiro Sakai 2 , Yasuyuki Iguchi 2 , Yasuhiro Nishiyama 3 , Chikako Nito 3 , Satoshi Suda 3 , Kazumi Kimura 3 , Takao Kanzawa 4 , Ichiro Imafuku 5 , Takahiro Nakayama 5 , Masayuki Ueda 6 , Takeshi Iwanaga 7 , Tomoyuki Kono 8 , Kazuo Yamashiro 9 , Ryota Tanaka 10 , Seiji Okubo 11 , Makoto Nakajima 12 , Nobuhito Nakajima 13 , Masahiro Mishina 14 , Hiroshi Yaguchi 15 , Hisayoshi Oka 16 , Masahiko Suzuki 17 , Masato Osaki 18 , Nobuyuki Kaneko 19 , Kazuo Kitagawa 20 , Sadahisa Okamoto 21 , Koichi Nomura 22 , Mineo Yamazaki 23 , Takehiko Nagao 24 , Yoshitaka Murakami 25
Affiliation  

PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors, etiology, and outcomes of ischemic stroke (IS) in Japanese young adults. METHODS This was a prospective multicenter study. We enrolled patients aged 16 to 55 years with IS within seven days of the onset of symptoms. We assessed the demographic data, risk factors, stroke etiology, and outcome at discharge. The clinical characteristics were compared between sexes and among age groups. RESULTS We prospectively enrolled 519 patients (median age, 48 years: 139 females). The mean National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score was 3.6 ± 0.2. The most common risk factors were hypertension (HT) (55%), dyslipidemia (DL) (47%), and current smoking (42%). Body mass index, incidence of current smoking, and heavy alcohol consumption were higher in males. The prevalence of current smoking, HT, DL, and diabetes mellitus increased with aging. The most common etiologic subgroup of IS was small vessel disease (145/510, 28%). Intracranial arterial dissection (IAD) was the most common among the other determined causes (56/115, 49%). The outcome at discharge was relatively good (mRS 0-1, 71.7%); however, poor outcome (mRS ≥ 4) was observed at an incidence of 9.5%. CONCLUSIONS Most young adults with IS had modifiable risk factors, of which prevalence increased with age. This emphasizes lifestyle improvement to prevent IS in the young population. Furthermore, we indicated that the incidence rate of IAD was high among the other determined causes.

中文翻译:

年轻成人缺血性卒中的危险因素、病因和结局:一项日本多中心前瞻性研究

目的 本研究旨在评估日本年轻人缺血性卒中 (IS) 的危险因素、病因和结局。方法 这是一项前瞻性多中心研究。我们招募了 16 至 55 岁在症状出现后 7 天内患有 IS 的患者。我们评估了人口统计学数据、危险因素、卒中病因和出院结果。比较不同性别和年龄组的临床特征。结果 我们前瞻性地招募了 519 名患者(中位年龄,48 岁:139 名女性)。美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表的平均得分为 3.6 ± 0.2。最常见的危险因素是高血压 (HT) (55%)、血脂异常 (DL) (47%) 和目前吸烟 (42%)。男性的体重指数、当前吸烟率和酗酒率较高。当前吸烟率、HT、DL、和糖尿病随着年龄的增长而增加。IS 最常见的病因亚组是小血管疾病 (145/510, 28%)。在其他确定的原因中,颅内动脉夹层 (IAD) 是最常见的 (56/115, 49%)。出院结果较好(mRS 0-1,71.7%);然而,不良结果(mRS ≥ 4)的发生率为 9.5%。结论 大多数患有 IS 的年轻成人具有可改变的危险因素,其患病率随着年龄的增长而增加。这强调改善生活方式以预防年轻人的 IS。此外,我们指出,在其他确定的原因中,IAD 的发生率很高。在其他确定的原因中,颅内动脉夹层 (IAD) 是最常见的 (56/115, 49%)。出院结果较好(mRS 0-1,71.7%);然而,不良结果(mRS ≥ 4)的发生率为 9.5%。结论 大多数患有 IS 的年轻成人具有可改变的危险因素,其患病率随着年龄的增长而增加。这强调改善生活方式以预防年轻人的 IS。此外,我们指出,在其他确定的原因中,IAD 的发生率很高。在其他确定的原因中,颅内动脉夹层 (IAD) 是最常见的 (56/115, 49%)。出院结果较好(mRS 0-1,71.7%);然而,不良结果(mRS ≥ 4)的发生率为 9.5%。结论 大多数患有 IS 的年轻成人具有可改变的危险因素,其患病率随着年龄的增长而增加。这强调改善生活方式以预防年轻人的 IS。此外,我们指出,在其他确定的原因中,IAD 的发生率很高。
更新日期:2020-10-01
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