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Disaster experience, social capitals, and behavioral health
Natural Hazards ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-28 , DOI: 10.1007/s11069-020-04199-y
Vanessa Parks , Lynsay Ayer , Rajeev Ramchand , Melissa L. Finucane

On April 20, 2010, the Deepwater Horizon oil rig exploded, and oil spilled from the breached well-head for months, leading to an unprecedented environmental disaster with implications for behavioral health. Disasters are thought to affect behavioral health, and social capital is thought to ameliorate behavioral health impacts after disasters, though empirical evidence is mixed. One possible explanation for the discrepancy in findings relates to the activation of social capital in different contexts. In a disaster context, certain types of social capital may be more beneficial than others, and these relationships could differ between those directly affected by the disaster and those who are unaffected. The goal of this study is to assess the relationships between different forms of social capital (community engagement, trust, and social support) on different behavioral health indicators (depression, anxiety, and alcohol misuse) using data from the first wave of the Survey of Trauma, Resilience, and Opportunity among Neighborhoods in the Gulf (STRONG), a probabilistic household telephone survey fielded 6 years after the onset of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (DHOS). We employ a structural equation modeling approach where multiple social capital and behavioral health variables can be included and their pathways tested in the same model, comparing the results between those who reported experiencing disruptions related to the DHOS and those who did not. Among those who experienced the DHOS, social support was negatively associated with both depression (β = − 0.085; p = 0.011) and anxiety (β = − 0.097; p = 0.003), and among those who did not experience the DHOS, social support was positively associated with alcohol misuse (β = 0.067; p = 0.035). When controlling for the other social capital variables, social support was the only form of social capital with a significant relationship to behavioral health, and these relationships differ based on whether or not a person experienced the disaster. This suggests that social capital does not have a uniformly ameliorative relationship with behavioral health in the aftermath of disasters.



中文翻译:

灾难经验,社会资本和行为健康

2010年4月20日,深水地平线(Deepwater Horizo​​n)石油钻井平台发生爆炸,石油从被破坏的井口漏出了数月之久,导致了前所未有的环境灾难,对行为健康产生了影响。尽管经验证据不尽相同,但人们认为灾难会影响行为健康,而社会资本被认为可以缓解灾难后的行为健康影响。关于结果差异的一种可能的解释涉及在不同情况下社会资本的激活。在灾难的情况下,某些类型的社会资本可能比其他类型更有利,并且这些关系在受灾难直接影响的人和未受影响的人之间可能会有所不同。这项研究的目的是评估不同形式的社会资本之间的关系(社区参与,信任,和社会支持),使用来自海湾地区邻里之间的创伤,复原力和机会调查的第一波数据(STRONG),对不同的行为健康指标(抑郁,焦虑和酗酒)进行调查,该调查是基于概率的家庭电话调查,范围为6深水地平线漏油事件(DHOS)发生数年后。我们采用结构方程模型化方法,其中可以包括多个社会资本和行为健康变量,并且在同一模型中测试了它们的路径,比较了那些报告遭受与DHOS相关的破坏的人和没有经历过与DHOS相关的破坏者之间的结果。在经历过DHOS的人中,社会支持与两种抑郁都呈负相关(酒精滥用)),它使用了第一波《海湾邻里之间的创伤,复原力和机会调查》(STRONG)中的数据,这项调查是在“深水地平线”漏油事件(DHOS)发生6年后进行的概率性家庭电话调查。我们采用结构方程模型化方法,其中可以包括多个社会资本和行为健康变量,并且在同一模型中测试了它们的路径,比较了那些报告遭受与DHOS相关的破坏的人和没有经历过与DHOS相关的破坏者之间的结果。在经历过DHOS的人中,社会支持与两种抑郁都呈负相关(酒精滥用)),它使用了第一波海湾邻里之间的创伤,复原力和机会调查(STRONG)的数据,这项调查是在深水地平线漏油事件(DHOS)发生6年后进行的概率性家庭电话调查。我们采用结构方程模型化方法,其中可以包括多个社会资本和行为健康变量,并且在同一模型中测试了它们的路径,比较了那些报告遭受与DHOS相关的破坏的人和没有经历过与DHOS相关的破坏者之间的结果。在经历过DHOS的人中,社会支持与两种抑郁都呈负相关(我们采用结构方程模型化方法,其中可以包括多个社会资本和行为健康变量,并且在同一模型中测试了它们的路径,比较了那些报告遭受与DHOS相关的破坏的人和没有经历过与DHOS相关的破坏者之间的结果。在经历过DHOS的人中,社会支持与两种抑郁都呈负相关(我们采用结构方程模型化方法,其中可以包括多个社会资本和行为健康变量,并且在同一模型中测试了它们的路径,比较了那些报告遭受与DHOS相关的破坏的人和那些没有遭受DHOS破坏的人之间的结果。在经历过DHOS的人中,社会支持与两种抑郁都呈负相关(β  =-0.085;p  = 0.011)和焦虑(β  = − 0.097;p  = 0.003),在没有经历过DHOS的人群中,社会支持与滥用酒精呈正相关(β  = 0.067;p  = 0.035)。当控制其他社会资本变量时,社会支持是与行为健康有显着关系的唯一社会资本形式,并且这些关系根据人是否经历了灾难而有所不同。这表明在灾难之后,社会资本与行为健康并没有统一的改善关系。

更新日期:2020-07-29
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