Identifying a person based on their behavioral and biological qualities in an automated manner is called biometrics. The authentication system substituting traditional password and token for authentication and relies gradually on biometric authentication methods for verification of the identity of an individual. This proves the fact that society has started depending on biometric-based authentication systems. Security of biometric authentication needs to be reviewed and discussed as there are multiple points related to integrity and public reception of biometric-based authentication systems. Security and recognition accuracy are the two most important aspects which must be considered while designing biometric authentication systems. During enrollment phase scanning of biometric data is done to determine a set of distinct biometric feature set known as biometric template. Protection of biometric templates from various hacking efforts is a topic of vital importance as unlike passwords or tokens, compromised biometric templates cannot be reissued. Therefore, giving powerful protection techniques for biometric templates and still at that very moment preparing great identification accuracy is a good research problem nowadays, as well as in the future. Furthermore, efficiency under non-ideal conditions is also supposed to be inadequate and thus needs special attention in the design of a biometric authentication system. Disclosure of various biometric traits in miscellaneous applications creates a severe compromise on the privacy of the user. Biometric authentication can be utilized for remote user authentication. In this case, the biometric data of users typically called templates are stored in a server. The uniqueness and stability of biometrics ended it useful over traditional authentication systems. But, a similar thing made the enduring harm of a user’s identity in biometric systems. The architecture of the biometric system leads to several hazards that lead to numerous security concerns and privacy threats. To address this issue, biometric templates are secured using several schemes that are categorized as biometric cryptosystems, cancelable biometrics, hybrid methods, Homomorphic Encryption, visual cryptography based methods. Biometric cryptosystems and cancelable biometrics techniques provide reliable biometric security at a great level. However, there persist numerous concerns and encounters that are being faced during the deployment of these protection technologies. This paper reviews and analyses various biometric template protection methods. This review paper also reflects the limitations of various biometric template protection methods being used in present times and highlights the scope of future work.

根据他们的行为和生物学素质以自动化方式识别一个人的方法称为生物识别。认证系统将传统的密码和令牌替换为认证，并逐渐依赖于生物特征认证方法来验证个人身份。这证明了社会已经开始依赖基于生物特征的身份验证系统这一事实。由于存在很多与基于生物特征的认证系统的完整性和公众接受度有关的问题，因此需要对生物特征认证的安全性进行审查和讨论。安全和识别准确性是设计生物特征认证系统时必须考虑的两个最重要的方面。在注册阶段，进行生物特征数据扫描以确定一组独特的生物特征集，称为生物特征模板。保护生物特征模板免受各种黑客攻击是至关重要的主题，因为与密码或令牌不同，无法重新发布受损的生物特征模板。因此，为生物特征模板提供强大的保护技术并在此时此刻仍准备出色的识别精度，这是当今以及将来的一个很好的研究问题。此外，非理想条件下的效率也被认为是不足的，因此在生物识别系统的设计中需要特别注意。在其他应用程序中披露各种生物特征会严重损害用户的隐私。生物特征认证可以用于远程用户认证。在这种情况下，通常称为模板的用户生物数据存储在服务器中。生物识别技术的独特性和稳定性使它比传统的身份验证系统有用。但是，类似的事情对生物识别系统中的用户身份造成了持久的伤害。生物识别系统的体系结构会导致多种危害，从而导致众多安全隐患和隐私威胁。为了解决此问题，使用几种方案来保护生物特征模板，这些方案分类为生物特征密码系统，可取消生物特征，混合方法，同态加密，基于可视密码术的方法。生物识别密码系统和可取消的生物识别技术可在很大程度上提供可靠的生物识别安全性。然而，在部署这些保护技术的过程中，仍然存在许多担忧和遭遇。本文回顾并分析了各种生物模板保护方法。这篇评论文章还反映了当前使用的各种生物特征模板保护方法的局限性，并强调了未来工作的范围。