Abstract

In this study the surface of bio-based polyurethane foam was enriched with different contents of catalyst residue from the petroleum industry. The foams were prepared with different residue contents, 20, 50, and 80 wt% relative to the total mass of the polyols and were characterized by several techniques, with X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, microtomography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric. To determine the removing process the effects of various operating parameters, pH of the solution (2–12), initial concentration of pesticides (5–50 mg L⁻¹), contact time (15–1440 min), and amount of adsorbent (30–400 mg) were investigated in a batch adsorption technique. The specific surface area of the residue was determined by the BET method as up to 150 m²/g and mean pore diameter of 4.20 ± 0.42 nm (mesopore), which explains the excellent results of the materials in the adsorption process. The high adsorption capacity is probably due to the presence of highly concentrated catalyst residue on the foam surface. Trifluralin pesticide was removed in water using these polyurethane foams with 20.0 mg L⁻¹ initial concentration of herbicide, 30.0 mg adsorbent mass of, 5.0 pH, and 25.0 °C temperature. The chemically prepared foams with 50 wt% residue (PURC50) have higher adsorption capacities (70%) and can be used to remove trifluralin from natural waters effectively. The efficiency of removing the herbicide increased to 83% with the use of 400.0 mg adsorbent mass. The adsorption efficiency of the pure catalyst residue reaches a maximum (95.3%). The established adsorption method was appropriate for adsorption of trifluralin in contaminated waters.

Graphic Abstract

中文翻译：

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具有丰富石油催化剂残留物表面的生物基聚氨酯泡沫作为水溶液中有机污染物的吸附剂

摘要

在这项研究中，生物基聚氨酯泡沫的表面富含石油工业中不同含量的催化剂残留物。制备的泡沫具有相对于多元醇总质量的20％，50％和80％（重量）的不同残留物含量，并通过多种技术进行了表征，包括X射线衍射，X射线荧光光谱法，场发射扫描电子显微镜，能量色散X射线光谱，显微断层扫描，傅立叶变换红外光谱和热重分析。为了确定去除过程中各种操作参数，溶液的pH（2–12），农药的初始浓度（5–50 mg L ^-1），接触时间（15-1440分钟）和吸附剂的量（30-400 mg）已通过间歇吸附技术进行了研究。残留物的比表面积通过BET方法测定，最高150 m ² / g，平均孔径为4.20±0.42 nm（中孔），这说明了该材料在吸附过程中的优异结果。高吸附能力可能是由于泡沫表面上存在高度浓缩的催化剂残留物所致。使用这些具有20.0 mg L ^-1的聚氨酯泡沫去除三氟拉林农药除草剂的初始浓度，30.0 mg的吸附剂质量，5.0 pH和25.0°C温度。用化学方法制备的残留物含量为50 wt％的泡沫（PURC50）具有更高的吸附能力（70％），可用于有效地从天然水中去除三氟拉林。通过使用400.0 mg吸附剂质量，除草剂的去除效率提高到83％。纯催化剂残留物的吸附效率达到最大值（95.3％）。建立的吸附方法适用于三氟拉林在污水中的吸附。

图形摘要