Dynamic tasks are pervasive in organizational decision making. Improving managerial performance in dynamic tasks is an ongoing research endeavor. We report a laboratory experiment in which participants managed a dynamic task by playing the roles of fishing fleet managers. The two experimental groups used a computer simulation-based interactive learning environment (ILE) with an outcome-oriented debriefing and a process-oriented debriefing. To assess the users’ learning and performance, a comprehensive five-dimensional model was used to evaluate subjects’ task performance, decision time, decision strategy, structural knowledge, and heuristics knowledge. The results showed that process-oriented debriefing improved subjects’ task performance, helped users gain task knowledge, develop heuristics, and adapt to systematic-variable consistent strategies. Contrary to our hypothesis, the process-oriented debriefing group did not use less decision time. In contrast to the cost-benefit approach to decision making, a relatively more systematic effort is needed to perform better in dynamic tasks such as fisheries management.

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通过基于汇报的交互式学习环境提高人类在动态任务中的表现：一项实证研究

动态任务在组织决策中无处不在。提高动态任务中的管理绩效是一项持续的研究工作。我们报告了一个实验室实验，参与者通过扮演捕鱼船队管理者的角色来管理一项动态任务。两个实验组使用基于计算机模拟的交互式学习环境 (ILE)，其中包含面向结果的汇报和面向过程的汇报。为了评估用户的学习和表现，一个综合的五维模型被用来评估受试者的任务表现、决策时间、决策策略、结构知识和启发式知识。结果表明，面向过程的汇报提高了受试者的任务表现，帮助用户获得任务知识，开发启发式方法，并适应系统变量一致的策略。与我们的假设相反，面向过程的汇报小组并没有使用更少的决策时间。与决策的成本效益方法相比，需要相对更系统的努力才能更好地执行动态任务，例如渔业管理。