The research reported is part of a larger effort to develop models to predict community response to transient sounds, including sonic booms. Such models can be used along with aircraft sound predictions to guide the design of supersonic aircraft to produce generally acceptable sounds. A test was conducted to examine the influence of low frequencies on people's responses to recorded and simulated booms and other environmental transients, heard indoors over earphones. The results of this test and a companion test conducted in a sonic boom simulator were compared to see if the playback environment affected responses. Annoyance models were also examined. E-weighted Sound Exposure level (ESEL) was the sound metric most highly correlated to mean annoyance with B-weighted Sound Exposure Level (BSEL) and Perceived Level performing similarly. Predictions were improved by including Heaviness, Duration, and rate of change of Loudness in models with a loudness metric. Models were also estimated by using the average responses from both tests and metrics generated from outdoor versions of the sounds. These models also produced accurate annoyance predictions. BSEL was the best single-metric predictor, with ESEL close behind. Including Heaviness, Duration, and rate of change of Loudness resulted in R² values as high as 0.90.

中文翻译：

---

低频能量和测试环境对室内超音速飞机噪声干扰响应的影响[J].

报告的研究是开发模型以预测社区对瞬态声音（包括音爆）的反应的更大努力的一部分。此类模型可与飞机声音预测一起使用，以指导超音速飞机的设计，以产生普遍可接受的声音。进行了一项测试，以检查低频对人们在室内通过耳机听到的记录和模拟的轰鸣声和其他环境瞬变的反应的影响。该测试的结果与在音爆模拟器中进行的配套测试的结果进行了比较，以查看播放环境是否会影响响应。烦恼模型也进行了检查。E加权声音暴露水平 (ESEL) 是与B 的平均烦恼最相关的声音指标- 加权声音暴露水平 (BSEL) 和感知水平表现相似。通过在具有响度度量的模型中包含重量、持续时间和响度变化率，改进了预测。模型还通过使用测试的平均响应和室外版本的声音生成的指标进行估计。这些模型还产生了准确的烦恼预测。BSEL 是最好的单指标预测器，ESEL 紧随其后。包括重量、持续时间和响度变化率导致R ²值高达 0.90。