The study was conducted to investigate the effects of fish or palm oil diets with different roughage levels on dairy performance, milk physicochemical composition and apparent transfer efficiency of fatty acids (FA) in goat milk. The experiment was conducted with 40 Aleppo goats with a mean parity of 2.53 ± 0.8 (multiparous), mean initial body weight of 47.23 kg and 25 ± 5 days in milk which were allocated to four (2 × 2) experimental diets with two oil sources (fish or palm oil) at 25.6 g/kg of dietary dry matter and forage levels (400 or 600 g/kg). The experimental data were analysed by repeated measures analysis, using the MIXED procedure. The concentrations of saturated FA decreased with high forage level and fish oil diets; however, the fish oil diets caused an increase in C14 saturated FA. Fish oil diets with high roughage levels more efficiently increased conjugated linoleic acid, n-6 (18 : 2), and n-3 (20 : 5). The apparent transfer efficiency of 18 : 1, 18 : 2, 18 : 3 and 20 : 5 decreased and the transfer efficiency of 22 : 6 increased with the use of fish oil in the diet. The roughage level did not affect the apparent transfer efficiency of 18 : 1 and 18 : 2, but the low roughage level increased the apparent transfer efficiency of 20 : 5. High roughage diets improved milk quality parameters through increasing eicosapentaenoic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), PUFA/saturated FA and atherogenicity index, thus it was concluded that dietary roughage level could be considered as an important designator of milk quality when a supplement of fish oil and palm oil was supplied to goats.

中文翻译：

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日粮脂类和粗饲料水平对奶山羊生产性能、乳理化成分、乳脂肪酸表观转移效率和生物氢化率的影响

本研究旨在研究不同粗饲料水平的鱼或棕榈油日粮对奶制品性能、牛奶理化成分和脂肪酸（FA）在山羊奶中的表观转移效率的影响。该实验是用 40 只阿勒颇山羊进行的，平均胎次为 2.53 ± 0.8（经产），平均初始体重为 47.23 公斤，在牛奶中 25 ± 5 天，被分配到具有两种油源的四个 (2 × 2) 实验日粮中（鱼或棕榈油）在 25.6 g/kg 的膳食干物质和草料水平（400 或 600 g/kg）。使用 MIXED 程序通过重复测量分析来分析实验数据。高草料水平和鱼油日粮使饱和脂肪酸浓度降低；然而，鱼油饮食导致 C14 饱和 FA 增加。n-6 (18 : 2)，和n-3（20：5）。随着日粮中鱼油的使用，18:1、18:2、18:3和20:5的表观转移效率降低，22:6的转移效率提高。粗饲料水平不影响 18 : 1 和 18 : 2 的表观转移效率，但低粗饲料水平提高了 20 : 5 的表观转移效率。高粗饲料日粮通过增加二十碳五烯酸、多不饱和脂肪酸来改善牛奶质量参数（ PUFA)、PUFA/饱和脂肪酸和致动脉粥样硬化指数，因此得出结论，当向山羊提供鱼油和棕榈油补充剂时，日粮粗饲料水平可被视为牛奶质量的重要指标。