Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive and therapy resistant pleural malignancy that is caused by asbestos exposure. MPM is associated with poor prognosis and a short patient survival. The survival time is strongly influenced by the subtype of the tumor. Dyspnea and accumulation of pleural effusion in the pleural cavity are common symptoms of MPM. The diagnostic distinction from other malignancies and reactive conditions is done using histopathology or cytopathology, always supported by immunohistochemistry, and sometimes also by analyses of soluble biomarkers in effusion supernatant. We evaluated the soluble angiogenesis related molecules as possible prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for MPM by Luminex multiplex assay. Pleural effusion from 42 patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), 36 patients with adenocarcinoma (AD) and 40 benign (BE) effusions were analyzed for 10 different analytes that, in previous studies, were associated with angiogenesis, consisting of Angiopoietin-1, HGF, MMP-7, Osteopontin, TIMP-1, Galectin, Mesothelin, NRG1-b1, Syndecan-1 (SDC-1) and VEGF by a Human Premixed Multi-Analyte Luminex kit. We found that shed SDC-1 and MMP-7 levels were significantly lower, whereas Mesothelin and Galectin-1 levels were significantly higher in malignant mesothelioma effusions, compared to adenocarcinoma. Galectin-1, HGF, Mesothelin, MMP-7, Osteopontin, shed SDC-1, NRG1-β1, VEGF and TIMP-1 were significantly higher in malignant pleural mesothelioma effusions compared to benign samples. Moreover, there is a negative correlation between Mesothelin and shed SDC-1 and positive correlation between VEGF, Angiopoietin-1 and shed SDC-1 level in the pleural effusion from malignant cases. Shed SDC-1 and VEGF have a prognostic value in malignant mesothelioma patients. Collectively, our data suggest that MMP-7, shed SDC-1, Mesothelin and Galectin-1 can be diagnostic and VEGF and SDC-1 prognostic markers in MPM patients. Additionally, Galectin-1, HGF, Mesothelin, MMP-7, Osteopontin, shed SDC-1 and TIMP-1 can be diagnostic for malignant cases.

中文翻译：

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胸腔积液的多重可溶性生物标志物分析。

恶性胸膜间皮瘤（MPM）是一种高度侵袭性且具有治疗抵抗力的胸膜恶性肿瘤，其由石棉暴露引起。MPM与预后不良和患者生存期短有关。存活时间受到肿瘤亚型的强烈影响。呼吸困难和胸腔积液是MPM的常见症状。诊断与其他恶性肿瘤和反应性疾病的区别是使用组织病理学或细胞病理学来完成的，始终由免疫组织化学支持，有时还可以通过分析积液上清液中的可溶性生物标记物来实现。我们通过Luminex多重分析将可溶性血管生成相关分子评估为MPM可能的预后和诊断生物标志物。42例恶性胸膜间皮瘤（MPM）患者的胸腔积液，对36例腺癌（AD）和40例良性（BE）积液患者进行了10种不同分析物的分析，这些分析物在以前的研究中与血管生成有关，包括Angiopoietin-1，HGF，MMP-7，骨桥蛋白，TIMP-1和Galectin ，间皮素，NRG1-b1，Syndecan-1（SDC-1）和VEGF通过人类预混合多分析物Luminex试剂盒进行检测。我们发现，与腺癌相比，恶性间皮瘤积液中脱落的SDC-1和MMP-7水平显着降低，而间皮素和Galectin-1水平显着升高。与良性样品相比，恶性胸膜间皮瘤积液中的Galectin-1，HGF，间皮素，MMP-7，骨桥蛋白，脱落SDC-1，NRG1-β1，VEGF和TIMP-1明显更高。此外，间皮素与脱落SDC-1之间呈负相关，而VEGF之间呈正相关，恶性胸腔积液中血管生成素-1和SDC-1水平降低。Shed SDC-1和VEGF在恶性间皮瘤患者中具有预后价值。总体而言，我们的数据表明，MMP-7，脱落的SDC-1，间皮素和Galectin-1可以作为MPM患者的诊断和VEGF和SDC-1的预后标志物。另外，半乳凝素-1，HGF，间皮素，MMP-7，骨桥蛋白，脱落的SDC-1和TIMP-1可以诊断恶性肿瘤。