Escherichia coli is often used as a faecal indicator bacterium to evaluate water quality and is used as a measure to predict the presence of pathogens and their inactivation/removal is important to ensure safe drinking water. In this study γ–Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles were synthesized by a modified sol–gel method, followed by a subsequent functionalization process with Moringa oleifera (MO) integral seed extract and without ethanol‐extracted oil (MO‐et) for the creation of a new coagulants with antibacterial activity (γ–Fe₂O₃–MO and γ–Fe₂O₃–MO(et)). These coagulants were characterized according to their composition, morphology, structure, and surface charge. Coagulation/flocculation tests were performed with subsequent sedimentation under the influence of an external magnetic field for E. coli inactivation/removal. The results indicate that there was total inactivation of E. coli for raw water and removal of 88 and 93% for synthetic water using the coagulants γ–Fe₂O₃–MO and γ–Fe₂O₃–MO (et) respectively, demonstrating that the coagulant properties of MO and the superparamagnetic behavior of nanoparticles of γ‐Fe₂O₃ increased the activity of the new material, favoring the inactivation/removal of E. coli in the water treatment.

中文翻译：

---

使用天然超顺磁性凝结剂在水介质中灭活大肠杆菌的简单有效方法

大肠杆菌通常用作粪便指示细菌，以评估水质，并用作预测病原体存在的措施，其灭活/去除对确保饮用水安全很重要。在这项研究中γ-的Fe _2个ö ₃纳米颗粒，用改进的溶胶-凝胶法合成，然后用随后的官能化过程辣木（MO）积分种子提取物和未经乙醇萃取的油（MO-ET）为创建的新型具有抗菌活性的混凝剂（γ–Fe ₂ O ₃ –MO和γ–Fe ₂ O ₃–MO（et））。这些凝结剂根据其组成，形态，结构和表面电荷进行表征。在大肠杆菌灭活/去除的外部磁场的影响下，进行凝结/絮凝试验，随后进行沉淀。结果表明，存在的总灭活大肠杆菌原水和除去88和使用该凝结剂γ-铁合成水93％₂ ö ₃ -MO和γ-的Fe ₂ ö ₃分别-MO（ET），表明MO的凝结剂特性和纳米颗粒的超顺磁性行为了γ-Fe ₂ ö ₃增加了新材料的活性，有利于水处理过程中大肠杆菌的灭活/去除。