Spinal cord decellularized (DC) scaffolds can promote axonal regeneration and restore hindlimb motor function of spinal cord defect rats. However, scarring caused by damage to the astrocytes at the margin of injury can hinder axon regeneration. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) integrate and migrate with astrocytes at the site of spinal cord injury, providing a bridge for axons to penetrate the scars and grow into lesion cores. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether DC scaffolds carrying OECs could better promote axon growth. For these studies, DC scaffolds were cocultured with primary extracted and purified OECs. Immunofluorescence and electron microscopy were used for verification of cells adhere and growth on the scaffold. Scaffolds with OECs were transplanted into rat spinal cord defects to evaluate axon regeneration and functional recovery of hind limbs. Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scoring was used to assess motor function recovery, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and NF200‐stained tissue sections were used to evaluate axonal regeneration and astrological scar distribution. Our results indicated that spinal cord DC scaffolds have good histocompatibility and spatial structure, and can promote the proliferation of adherent OECs. In animal experiments, scaffolds carrying OECs have better axon regeneration promoting protein expression than the SCI model, and improve the proliferation and distribution of astrocytes at the site of injury. These results proved that the spinal cord DC scaffold with OECs can promote axon regeneration at the site of injury, providing a new basis for clinical application.

中文翻译：

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嗅鞘细胞接种脱细胞支架促进脊髓损伤大鼠轴突再生

脊髓去细胞（DC）支架可促进脊髓缺损大鼠轴突再生，恢复后肢运动功能。然而，由损伤边缘的星形胶质细胞损伤引起的疤痕会阻碍轴突再生。嗅鞘细胞 (OEC) 在脊髓损伤部位与星形胶质细胞整合并迁移，为轴突穿透疤痕并长成病变核心提供了桥梁。本研究的目的是评估携带 OEC 的 DC 支架是否可以更好地促进轴突生长。对于这些研究，DC 支架与初级提取和纯化的 OEC 共培养。免疫荧光和电子显微镜用于验证细胞在支架上的粘附和生长。将带有 OEC 的支架移植到大鼠脊髓缺损处，以评估轴突再生和后肢功能恢复。Basso、Beattie 和 Bresnahan (BBB) 评分用于评估运动功能恢复，胶质纤维酸性蛋白 (GFAP) 和 NF200 染色的组织切片用于评估轴突再生和星象疤痕分布。我们的研究结果表明，脊髓DC支架具有良好的组织相容性和空间结构，可以促进贴壁OECs的增殖。在动物实验中，携带OEC的支架比SCI模型具有更好的轴突再生促进蛋白表达，并改善损伤部位星形胶质细胞的增殖和分布。