Abstract The archaeological site of Checua is located at the north end of the Sabana de Bogota, Northern South America. New archaeological research at the site has revealed significant evidence of well-preserved hunters and gatherers’ funerary contexts which date back to 7580-5052 BP (cal 2σ). Former studies reported 33 human interments, and a recent excavation at the site revealed 24 additional individuals distributed in 18 ritual burials. In this occasion, a taphonomy-focused archaeothanatological protocol was implemented to determine the nature of the burials and to inquire into post-mortem manipulations of the bodies. This analysis revealed unknown funerary practices among hunters and gatherers in the region, such as occasional wrappings of the corpses before their disposal, unconventional rearrangements of the bodies in secondary burials, as well as intentional and well-planned post-depositional manipulations in primary inhumations. In this paper we select a sample of 10 individuals to illustrate the results of this analysis, and we highlight the relevance of archaeothanatology to obtain high-resolution data of mortuary practices. Here we focus on the process of ritualization by exploring the ways in which the living dealt with the dead by means of diverse treatments of human bodies and posthumous arrangements of graves. We argue that the study of these funerary practices opens up a wider range of possibilities to discuss how the living faced the experience of remembrance as they commemorated death.

中文翻译：

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标记坟墓和闯入死者：一项考古学分析，揭示哥伦比亚切库亚 (7580-5052 cal BP) 遗址的死后经历和纪念

摘要 Checua 考古遗址位于南美洲北部波哥大萨瓦纳的北端。该遗址的新考古研究揭示了保存完好的猎人和采集者的葬礼环境的重要证据，其历史可以追溯到 7580-5052 BP (cal 2σ)。之前的研究报告了 33 处人类葬礼，最近在该地点的一次挖掘发现，另外还有 24 个人分布在 18 个仪式墓葬中。在这种情况下，实施了以埋藏学为重点的考古学协议，以确定墓葬的性质并调查尸体的死后处理。这项分析揭示了该地区猎人和采集者不为人知的丧葬习俗，例如在处理尸体之前偶尔将尸体包裹起来，在二次埋葬中对尸体进行非常规的重新排列，以及在原始土葬中有意和精心计划的沉积后操作。在本文中，我们选择了 10 个人的样本来说明该分析的结果，并且我们强调了考古学对于获得太平间实践的高分辨率数据的相关性。在这里，我们通过探索生者通过对人体的不同处理和死后坟墓布置来处理死者的方式来关注仪式化的过程。我们认为，对这些丧葬习俗的研究开辟了更广泛的可能性，以讨论生者在纪念死亡时如何面对纪念体验。我们强调了考古学与获取太平间实践的高分辨率数据的相关性。在这里，我们通过探索生者通过对人体的不同处理和死后坟墓布置来处理死者的方式来关注仪式化的过程。我们认为，对这些丧葬习俗的研究开辟了更广泛的可能性，以讨论生者在纪念死亡时如何面对纪念体验。我们强调了考古学与获取太平间实践的高分辨率数据的相关性。在这里，我们通过探索生者通过对人体的不同处理和死后坟墓布置来处理死者的方式来关注仪式化的过程。我们认为，对这些丧葬习俗的研究开辟了更广泛的可能性，以讨论生者在纪念死亡时如何面对纪念体验。