The terrestrial crustacean Porcellio scaber (Crustacea: Isopoda) is an established invertebrate model in environmental research. Preceding research using isopods did not widely use immune markers. In order to advance their use in research, knowledge of the reference values in control animals as well as variations during infections is of importance. This study presents, for the first time, the morphology, and ultrastructure of the three main haemocyte types of Porcellio scaber as semigranulocytes (SGCs), granulocytes (GCs), and hyalinocytes (HCs), with the latter having two subtypes, using various light and electron microscopy approaches. The modulation of selected immune cellular and humoral parameters of P. scaber in symptomatic phases of Rhabdochlamydia porcellionis and Iridovirus IIV-31 infections is presented. A clear difference in the immune responses of bacterial and viral infections was shown. Remarkable changes in total haemocyte count (THC) values and the proportions of three different haemocyte types were found in animals with a viral infection, which were not as significant in bacterially infected animals. Modified NO levels and SOD activity were more pronounced in cases of bacterial infection. Knowledge of the morphological and ultrastructural features of distinct haemocyte types, understanding the baseline values of immune parameters in control animals without evident symptoms of infection, and the influence that infections can have on these parameters can serve as a basis for the further use of P. scaber immune markers in environmental research.

陆生甲壳动物Porcellio scaber（甲壳纲：Isopoda）是环境研究中已建立的无脊椎动物模型。之前使用等足类动物的研究并没有广泛使用免疫标记。为了推进它们在研究中的应用，了解对照动物的参考值以及感染期间的变化非常重要。本研究首次展示了Porcellio scaber三种主要血细胞类型的形态和超微结构，即半粒细胞 (SGC)、粒细胞 (GC) 和透明细胞 (HC)，后者有两种亚型，使用各种光和电子显微镜方法。P. scaber在症状阶段对特定免疫细胞和体液参数的调节介绍了猪球状衣原体和虹彩病毒 IIV-31 感染。显示出细菌和病毒感染的免疫反应存在明显差异。在病毒感染的动物中发现了总血细胞计数 (THC) 值和三种不同血细胞类型比例的显着变化，而在细菌感染的动物中则没有那么显着。在细菌感染的情况下，修正后的 NO 水平和 SOD 活性更为明显。了解不同血细胞类型的形态学和超微结构特征，了解没有明显感染症状的对照动物免疫参数的基线值，以及感染对这些参数的影响，可以作为进一步使用P.结痂 环境研究中的免疫标志物。