Is Translational Science and Medicine new? Its dramatic expansion has spelled a dizzying array of new disciplines, departments, buildings, and terminology. Yet, without novel theories or concepts, Translational Science and Medicine (TSM) may appear to be nothing more than an old concept with a new brand. Yet, is this view true? As is illustrated herein, histories of TSM which treat it as merely an old product under a new name misunderstand its essential architecture. As an expressly economic transformation, modern translational approaches are differentiated precisely by a set of semi-permanent architectures which render it an altogether different kind of object when compared to previous attempts by institutions to turn science into medicine. Powered by new software, embedded within campuses that now house companies, and with legal agreements that outline agreed-upon scientific activity, TSM is now powered by a set of robust and durable structures that differentiate it from previous approaches. Based on ethnographic research about translational neuroscience in North America, this paper suggests that the sense of TSM as not being new is a consequence of analytic modes that tend to see scientific enterprises in epistemic terms alone. Analyzing TSM as primarily a scientific object misses the fact that it is a principally a financial one.

中文翻译：

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实际上，为什么转化医学是“新的”，为什么如此重要，以及主要是认识史学的局限性。

转化科学和医学是新的吗？它的戏剧性扩展意味着令人眼花array乱的一系列新学科，部门，建筑物和术语。然而，如果没有新颖的理论或概念，转化科学与医学（TSM）似乎仅仅是具有新品牌的旧概念。但是，这种观点是真的吗？如此处所示，TSM的历史以新名称将其仅视为旧产品，因而误解了其基本架构。作为一种明显的经济转型，现代翻译方法的区别在于一组半永久性的体系结构，与机构先前将科学转化为医学的尝试相比，这使其成为一种完全不同的对象。由嵌入到现在容纳公司的校园中的新软件提供支持，借助概述已达成共识的科学活动的法律协议，TSM现在由一套强大而持久的结构提供支持，这使其与以前的方法有所不同。基于对北美转化神经科学的人种学研究，本文表明，TSM并非新事物的感觉是分析模式的结果，这些分析模式往往仅从认知的角度看待科学企业。将TSM视为主要是科学对象，却忽略了它实际上是金融方面的事实。本文认为，TSM并非新事物的感觉是分析模式的结果，这些分析模式往往只从认知的角度看待科学企业。将TSM视为主要是科学对象，却忽略了它实际上是金融方面的事实。本文认为，TSM并非新事物的感觉是分析模式的结果，这些分析模式往往只从认知的角度看待科学企业。将TSM视为主要是科学对象，却忽略了它实际上是金融方面的事实。