In recent years, industrial roundwood production has enjoyed a steady success due to the development of a new bioeconomy and the rapid structural changes of the wood market. A very promising new solution for industrial fiber crops is the integrated production of logs and biomass in short rotation poplar plantations. In Europe, the expansion of these crops is concentrated in the Eastern regions, where contractors face strict limitations in their capital availability: hence the interest in developing semi-mechanized, low-investment harvesting systems based on general-purpose equipment that may serve as a stop-gap solution to assist the transition to fully mechanized systems. This study focused on designing and testing such a system, based on two low-cost machines (an excavator with a grapple saw and a second-hand forwarder) and requiring a minimum workforce (two operators only). The system was tested for productivity, cost and work quality, under two variants: production of 2 or 4 m logs. This system can produce approximately 3 loads (90 t) per day, at a cost between 14.5 and 16 € t⁻¹, from stump to roadside landing, ready for loading and transportation. The 4 m log variant was more efficient, resulting in a 10% cost reduction around 1.5 € t⁻¹. However, log yield was relatively low: between 1/3 and 1/4 of the total harvest, the balance consisting of lower-value biomass. The 2 m log treatment offered a higher log yield. The introduction of simple technology may allow increasing log yield and should be the subject of future research.

近年来，由于新的生物经济的发展和木材市场的快速变化，工业圆木生产取得了稳定的成功。一种用于工业纤维作物的非常有前途的新解决方案是在短周期杨树人工林中一体化生产原木和生物量。在欧洲，这些农作物的扩张集中在东部地区，那里的承包商在资金供应方面面临严格的限制：因此，人们有兴趣开发基于通用设备的半机械化，低投资收割系统，该系统可以用作权宜之计的解决方案，以帮助过渡到全机械系统。这项研究的重点是设计和测试这样的系统，基于两台低成本机器（带抓斗锯的挖掘机和二手货代），需要的劳动力最少（仅两名操作员）。该系统通过两种变型进行了生产率，成本和工作质量的测试：生产2或4 m的原木。该系统每天可产生大约3份负载（90吨），成本在14.5到16€t之间^-1，从树桩到路边着陆，准备好装载和运输。4 m log变量的效率更高，导致成本降低了10％，约为1.5€t ^-1。但是，原木产量相对较低：在总收成的1/3至1/4之间，其余部分由较低价值的生物质组成。2 m测井处理提供了更高的测井产量。引入简单技术可以提高原木产量，应该成为未来研究的主题。