Many types of alloys can be cast in graphite molds. The advantage of using graphite molds is that graphite has a higher thermal conductivity than steel and provides a higher alloy cooling rate. In this work, the solidification conditions in graphite and steel molds are compared. Cylindrical ingots of A356 aluminum and AZ81 magnesium alloys were cast into steel and graphite molds, and the temperature was recorded by thermocouples positioned in both the ingots and the molds. Using the error function, which is a measure of the difference between the experimental and simulated temperatures, the interfacial heat transfer coefficient (IHTC) versus the ingot surface temperature curves were obtained. The peak IHTC for ingot casting in the graphite mold was 2–3 times higher than that for the steel mold for both alloys. The solidification time and cooling rate for the solidification of the A356 and AZ81 ingots with varied sizes in the graphite and steel molds were calculated based on the simulation results. The duration of the solidification process in the steel mold was nearly two times longer than that for ingots in the graphite mold. The cooling rate in the graphite mold was nearly 1.5–2 times higher than that in the steel molds.

许多类型的合金可以在石墨模具中铸造。使用石墨模具的优势在于，石墨比钢具有更高的热导率，并且可以提供更高的合金冷却速率。在这项工作中，比较了石墨和钢模中的凝固条件。将A356铝和AZ81镁合金的圆柱形铸锭铸造到钢和石墨模具中，并通过位于铸锭和铸模中的热电偶记录温度。使用误差函数（可衡量实验温度与模拟温度之间的差异），获得了界面传热系数（IHTC）与铸锭表面温度的关系曲线。两种合金在石墨模具中铸锭的峰值IHTC均比钢模具高2–3倍。根据模拟结果，计算出石墨和钢模中尺寸不同的A356和AZ​​81铸锭的凝固时间和冷却速率。钢模具中凝固过程的时间几乎是石墨模具中铸锭的时间的两倍。石墨模具的冷却速率比钢模高近1.5–2倍。