Recent survey in lower 1,110 km stretch of River Ganga regarding ‘hook and line’ fishery revealed that fishers apply their inherited indigenous knowledge for selection of bait to harvest finfish and shellfish from river water. A total number of 26 different types of baits under 07 categories were recorded. Six varieties of fish species and four types of insects are found to be prevalent for catching carnivorous fishes. Five specially modified indigenous types of bait moulded with fish attractants were also documented. Bait-fish species association in hook and line fishery of river Ganga is discussed. Feeding habits of the target fishes was compared with the type of baits employed. Conservation issues associated with hook and line fishery is highlighted along with possible remedial measures. Different varieties of hook & line fishery which are in operation in river Ganga are briefly described. Indigenous Traditional Knowledge (ITK) associated with hook & line fishery needs to be properly documented and preserved for developing and encouraging ‘sport fishery’ in River Ganga.

中文翻译：

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恒河钓钩和钓线的饵料特异性及相关的保护问题

最近在甘加河下游1,110公里处进行的“钩钓”渔业调查显示，渔民利用其继承的本地知识来选择诱饵，以从河水中收获有鳍鱼和贝类。总共记录了07类下26种不同类型的诱饵。发现六种鱼类和四种昆虫普遍用于捕食肉食性鱼类。还记录了用鱼引诱剂模制的五种经过特殊改良的本地诱饵。讨论了恒河钩钓渔业中的饵料鱼物种关联。将目标鱼的摄食习惯与所用诱饵的类型进行了比较。与钩钓渔业有关的保护问题以及可能的补救措施都得到了强调。不同品种的钩和 简要描述了恒河中正在运行的线渔业。与钩钓渔业有关的土著传统知识（ITK）需要妥善记录和保存，以发展和鼓励恒河中的“运动渔业”。