The rich distribution and diversity of Wolbachia has been well investigated. The array of reproductive alterations induced by this cytoplasmically inherited α- proteobacteria has made it a successful ‘reproductive parasite’. Despite their obligate intracellular lifestyle which usually protects bacteria from phage infection, Wolbachia harbors a widespread temperate phage called WO. Recent studies implicate the rapid phase of evolutionary changes in Wolbachia genome due to the horizontal phage transfer. These changes directly reflect the varied reproductive phenotypes induced by Wolbachia in their hosts. The distribution and diversity of Wolbachia in same host species across different geographical locations in itself is interesting. Previous studies have demonstrated the absence of Wolbachia in storage pests, Tribolium castaneum and Rhyzopertha dominica in laboratory stocks of Japan. Contrary to their studies, natural infections of Wolbachia and Phage WO in Tribolium castaneum, Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophilus zeamais have been reported in the current study. Of the above screened three storage pests, the first two harbours A super group and remaining one with B super group. Further, a phage WO infection was common across all the three storage pests. The analysis of the endosymbiont and its phage provides basic information which could be further exploited for biocontrol programs.

中文翻译：

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Wolbachia和噬菌体WO在来自印度的储藏害虫中的分子系统发育关系

沃尔巴克氏菌的丰富分布和多样性已得到充分研究。由这种细胞质遗传的α-蛋白细菌诱导的一系列生殖变化使之成为成功的“生殖寄生虫”。尽管其专一的细胞内生活方式通常可以保护细菌免受噬菌体感染，但Wolbachia仍藏有一种广泛的温带噬菌体，称为WO。最近的研究表明，由于水平噬菌体转移，沃尔巴氏菌基因组进化变化的快速阶段。这些变化直接反映了Wolbachia在其宿主中诱导的不同生殖表型。沃尔巴克氏菌的分布与多样性在同一寄主物种中跨越不同地理位置本身就很有趣。先前的研究表明，在日本的实验室种群中，贮藏害虫中没有Wolbachia，栗属的Tribolium castaneum和Rhyzopertha dominica不存在。相反，他们的研究中，自然感染沃尔巴克氏体和噬菌体WO在牛逼ribolium拟谷盗，Rhyzopertha蠹和玉米象在当前研究中已有报道。在以上筛选的三种储藏害虫中，前两种具有A超级群，其余的具有B超级群。此外，噬菌体WO感染在所有这三种储藏害虫中是常见的。内共生体及其噬菌体的分析提供了可进一步用于生物防治计划的基本信息。