Grape extracts of different cultivars (Flame seedless, Kishmish chorni, Red globe and Thompson seedless) were investigated for in vitro antioxidant activity by ABTS assay, and compared protective efficacy against radiation-induced DNA damage. Seed extract showed the highest scavenging activity, followed by skin extract. Among different cultivars, ‘flame seedless’ skin extract showed higher scavenging activity followed by ‘Kishmish chorni’ skin extract. Grape extracts significantly prevented radiation-induced plasmid DNA damage. Super-coiled pBR 322 plasmid DNA (~93%) is completely converted to open circular (~97%) and linear (~2%) form at a dose of 150 Gy γ-radiation. Pretreatment with different grape extracts showed various degree of protection against radiation-induced DNA damage. Pretreatment with 1.6 µg grape skin extract of ‘Thompson seedless’ cultivar or grape flesh extract of any tested cultivar diminished the DNA strand breaks, and there was an increase in the super coiled form of DNA against 150 Gy of γ-radiation. However, pretreated pBR 322 DNA with the skin of ‘Kishmish chorni’ cultivars or seed of ‘red globe’ grape cultivars remained static during electrophoresis and confined in the groove on exposure to 150 Gy γ-radiation treatment. Co-treatment with the skin of red globe cultivar also partially confined plasmid DNA in the groove. The same trend was observed when plasmid DNA was exposed to 1.2 kGy γ-radiation. Our investigation revealed that anthocyanin present in grape skin was probably involved in radio protective activities through the formation of co-pigmentation with DNA.

中文翻译：

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葡萄提取物可防止电离辐射引起的DNA损伤

通过ABTS分析研究了不同品种的葡萄提取物（无核火焰，Kishmish chorni，Red Globe和Thompson无核）的体外抗氧化活性，并比较了其对辐射诱导的DNA损伤的保护作用。种子提取物表现出最高的清除活性，其次是皮肤提取物。在不同品种中，“无核火焰”皮肤提取物表现出更高的清除活性，其次是“ Kishmish chorni”皮肤提取物。葡萄提取物可有效防止辐射诱导的质粒DNA损伤。超螺旋pBR 322质粒DNA（〜93％）以150 Gyγ射线的剂量完全转化为开放环状（〜97％）和线性（〜2％）形式。用不同的葡萄提取物进行预处理显示出对辐射诱导的DNA损伤的不同程度的保护。用1.预处理 6 µg“汤普森无核”品种的葡萄皮提取物或任何测试品种的葡萄果肉提取物可减少DNA链断裂，并且超卷曲形式的DNA相对于150 Gy的γ辐射增加。然而，在电泳过程中，带有“ Kishmish chorni”品种表皮或“红色地球”葡萄品种种子的预处理pBR 322 DNA保持静态，并在暴露于150 Gyγ辐射处理后被限制在凹槽中。与红色地球仪品种的皮肤共同处理也将质粒DNA部分限制在沟中。当质粒DNA暴露于1.2 kGyγ辐射时，观察到相同的趋势。我们的研究表明，葡萄皮中存在的花色苷可能通过与DNA共同形成色素沉着而参与了放射防护活动。