The inflammation was observed by a sequence of comprehensive, correlated prevalence which causes enrollment of macrophages along with by removal of foreign particles and instigation of tissue repair. Though, massive release of chemokine and cytokines from macrophages can cause the progression of auto-inflammation and auto-immune diseases. The control overproduction of these mediators without damaging macrophages seems to be a novel strategy to control inflammation. Plants have been an integral part of the health-care system since ancient times. Many modern-day pharmaceuticals find their origin from phytochemicals. Rutin, catechin, and hesperidin are well-recognized for analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic effects. Scientific reports rationalize their protective effect on humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The present study is focused to determine the immunomodulatory effect of rutin, catechin, and hesperidin on macrophage function. Rat peritoneal macrophages were harvested and cultured in the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and hesperidin. MTT assay was performed to determine macrophage viability. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 were determined by ELISA kits whereas NO levels were determined by Griess method. The results of the present study revealed a decrease in levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NO in LPS treated groups. In conclusion, LPS activated the macrophage by promoting the production of immune mediators, whereas rutin, catechin, and hesperidin treatment showed anti-inflammatory activities by suppressing the cytokine production in rat macrophages.

中文翻译：

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芦丁，儿茶素和橙皮苷对巨噬细胞功能的免疫调节作用

通过一系列全面，相关的患病率观察到炎症，这引起巨噬细胞的进入以及通过去除异物和促进组织修复。不过，巨噬细胞大量释放趋化因子和细胞因子会导致自发炎症和自身免疫性疾病的发展。在不损害巨噬细胞的情况下控制这些介体的过度生产似乎是控制炎症的新策略。自古以来，植物一直是卫生保健系统不可或缺的一部分。许多现代药物都起源于植物化学物质。芦丁，儿茶素和橙皮苷具有镇痛，抗炎和抗关节炎作用，已广为人知。科学报告合理化了它们对体液和细胞介导的免疫的保护作用。本研究的重点是确定芦丁，儿茶素和橙皮苷对巨噬细胞功能的免疫调节作用。收获大鼠腹膜巨噬细胞，并在脂多糖（LPS）和橙皮苷存在下培养。进行MTT测定以确定巨噬细胞生存力。用ELISA试剂盒测定TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6的水平，而用Griess法测定NO的水平。本研究的结果显示，LPS治疗组的TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6和NO水平降低。总之，LPS通过促进免疫介质的产生来激活巨噬细胞，而芦丁，儿茶素和橙皮苷处理则通过抑制大鼠巨噬细胞中细胞因子的产生而表现出抗炎活性。和橙皮苷对巨噬细胞的功能。收获大鼠腹膜巨噬细胞，并在脂多糖（LPS）和橙皮苷存在下培养。进行MTT测定以确定巨噬细胞生存力。用ELISA试剂盒测定TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6的水平，而用Griess法测定NO的水平。本研究的结果显示，LPS治疗组的TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6和NO水平降低。总之，LPS通过促进免疫介质的产生来激活巨噬细胞，而芦丁，儿茶素和橙皮苷处理则通过抑制大鼠巨噬细胞中细胞因子的产生而表现出抗炎活性。和橙皮苷对巨噬细胞的功能。收获大鼠腹膜巨噬细胞并在脂多糖（LPS）和橙皮苷存在下培养。进行MTT测定以确定巨噬细胞生存力。用ELISA试剂盒测定TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6的水平，而用Griess法测定NO的水平。本研究的结果表明，LPS治疗组的TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6和NO水平降低。总之，LPS通过促进免疫介质的产生来激活巨噬细胞，而芦丁，儿茶素和橙皮苷处理则通过抑制大鼠巨噬细胞中细胞因子的产生而表现出抗炎活性。进行MTT测定以确定巨噬细胞生存力。用ELISA试剂盒测定TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6的水平，而用Griess法测定NO的水平。本研究的结果表明，LPS治疗组的TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6和NO水平降低。总之，LPS通过促进免疫介质的产生来激活巨噬细胞，而芦丁，儿茶素和橙皮苷处理则通过抑制大鼠巨噬细胞中细胞因子的产生而表现出抗炎活性。进行MTT测定以确定巨噬细胞生存力。用ELISA试剂盒测定TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6的水平，而用Griess法测定NO的水平。本研究的结果显示，LPS治疗组的TNF-α，IL-1β，IL-6和NO水平降低。总之，LPS通过促进免疫介质的产生来激活巨噬细胞，而芦丁，儿茶素和橙皮苷处理则通过抑制大鼠巨噬细胞中细胞因子的产生而表现出抗炎活性。