Spatial profiles of axial and radial momentum fluxes of a plasma expanding in a magnetic nozzle is revealed by using a momentum vector measurement instrument located downstream of a radiofrequency plasma source, where the radial and axial forces exerted to the detector plate facing the source side are independently, directly, and simultaneously obtained. It is shown that a conical structure having high electron temperature and plasma density is significantly responsible for the axial momentum flux, which corresponds to the thrust in an electric propulsion device. The radially outward momentum flux is detected at the outer region of the conical structure, where the electron pressure gradient is formed; implying that the ions are radially accelerated by an electric field. The increase in the radially integrated axial momentum flux along the axis is demonstrated, where the gain of the axial momentum flux occurs at the radially peripheral region of the plasma expanding along the mag...

中文翻译：

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电磁喷嘴中等离子体膨胀的轴向和径向动量通量的空间测量

通过使用位于射频等离子源下游的动量矢量测量仪器，可以揭示在电磁喷嘴中扩展的等离子体的轴向和径向动量通量的空间分布，其中施加在面对源侧的检测器板上的径向和轴向力是独立的，直接并同时获得。可以看出，具有高电子温度和等离子体密度的锥形结构是轴向动量通量的重要原因，轴向动量通量与电动推进装置中的推力相对应。在锥形结构的外部区域检测到径向向外的动量通量，在锥形区域中形成了电子压力梯度。这意味着离子被电场径向加速。