Bisphenol A (BPA) is used as monomer in polycarbonate synthesis, and it acts as plasticizer in baby and water bottles and the production of epoxy resins which are used as inner coatings of many food and beverage cans. This study was carried out to evaluate the possible modulatory effect of dry orange peels powder (OPP) to attenuate the toxic effects of BPA on liver and spleen in rats. Sixty male Spargue–Dawley rats weighing 130 ± 10 g were randomly divided into six groups (n = 10 for each group). Group 1: negative control, fed on balanced diet and received corn oil. Group 2: positive control, fed on balanced diet, received BPA (350 mg/kg b.w. per orally; p.o twice weekly) suspended in corn oil. Groups from 3 to 6 fed on balanced diet supplemented with OPP in the tested doses of 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 g/Kg diet respectively, and received BPA (350 mg/kg b.w. twice weekly). There was a significant increase in liver sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 gene expression (SREBF1), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, nitric oxide (NO), total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerols (TAGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), interluken-4 (IL-4), immunoglobulin-E (IgE)levels, and total leukocytes count (TLC) in BPA group as compared to negative control group (P < 0.05).On the other hand, BPA caused a significant decrease in liver catalase activity, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), serum immunoglobulin-M (IgM) levels, blood hemoglobin% (Hb), and red blood cell (RBCs) counts compared to the negative control group (P < 0.05). Also, the histopathological examination of liver and spleen sections supported biochemical parameters showed a significant destruction in the BPA group as compared to the negative control group. It is observed that OPP dietary supplementation in the tested doses ameliorates deleterious effects induced by BPA. The improvement in these altered parameters in OPP supplemented groups was in a dose-dependent manner.

中文翻译：

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干橙皮粉对双酚A致大鼠肝脾毒性的调节作用

双酚 A (BPA) 在聚碳酸酯合成中用作单体，在婴儿和水瓶中用作增塑剂，并在环氧树脂的生产中用作许多食品和饮料罐的内涂层。本研究旨在评估橙皮干粉 (OPP) 可能对减轻双酚 A 对大鼠肝脏和脾脏的毒性作用的调节作用。60 只体重 130 ± 10 g 的雄性 Spargue-Dawley 大鼠被随机分为六组（每组 n = 10）。第 1 组：阴性对照，以均衡饮食喂养并接受玉米油。第 2 组：阳性对照，以均衡饮食喂养，接受悬浮在玉米油中的 BPA（每次口服 350 毫克/千克体重；每周口服两次）。第 3 至 6 组分别以 12.5、25、50 和 100 g/Kg 的测试剂量补充有 OPP 的均衡饮食，并接受 BPA（每周两次，每次 350 毫克/千克体重）。肝甾醇调节元件结合转录因子 1 基因表达 (SREBF1)、血清丙氨酸转氨酶 (ALT) 和天冬氨酸转氨酶 (AST) 活性、一氧化氮 (NO)、总胆固醇 (TC)、三酰甘油 (TAGs) 显着增加)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL-c)、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (VLDL-c)、interluken-4 (IL-4)、免疫球蛋白-E (IgE) 水平和总白细胞计数 (TLC) BPA 组与阴性对照组相比（P < 0.05）。另一方面，BPA 引起肝脏过氧化氢酶活性、血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）、血清免疫球蛋白-M（IgM）水平的显着降低，与阴性对照组相比，血红蛋白％（Hb）和红细胞（RBC）计数（P < 0.05）。还，肝脏和脾脏切片的组织病理学检查支持生化参数显示与阴性对照组相比，BPA 组有显着破坏。据观察，测试剂量的 OPP 膳食补充剂改善了 BPA 诱导的有害影响。OPP 补充组中这些改变参数的改善呈剂量依赖性。