Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the main cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis, the leading underlying cause of CAD, is a progressive inflammatory disease. miRNAs play a substantial role in inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) gene expression of IP10 and miRNA 296-a and serum levels of IP10 and serum inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) in CAD patients and controls. This is a case–control study conducted on 82 angiography confirmed CAD patients and 82 controls. PBMC expressions of miR-296a and IP10 were evaluated by real-time method, and serum concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the study population. A significant increase was found for serum IP10, IL-6, and TNF-α levels, and PBMC expression of IP10 and miRNA 296-a genes expression of CAD as comparison with controls. No significant correlation was found between IP10 gene expression and miRNA 296-a. A significant positive correlation was found between PBMC gene expression level of IP10 and serum concentrations of IP10 and cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Taking together, in PBMC of CAD patients, the IP10 and 296-a miRNA genes expression levels were increased significantly than controls. IP10, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in CAD patients were more than those in controls significantly. Concerning positive relationship between miRNA 296-a gene expression level and serum concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α in CAD patients, it is proposed that IL-6 and TNF-α inhibitor could be the main targets of miRNA 296a and, thereby the IL-6 and TNF-α levels were increased; however, further study is needed.

中文翻译：

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冠状动脉疾病患者和对照组外周血单个核细胞中IP10和miRNA 296-a表达水平的评估。

冠状动脉疾病（CAD）是全球范围内的主要死亡原因。动脉粥样硬化是CAD的主要潜在病因，是一种进行性炎性疾病。miRNA在炎症中起重要作用。这项研究的目的是调查在CAD患者和对照组中IP10和miRNA 296-a的外周血单核细胞（PBMC）基因表达与IP10血清水平和血清炎性细胞因子白介素6（IL-6）的相关性。这是一项针对82例经血管造影确诊的CAD患者和82例对照的病例对照研究。通过实时方法评估miR-296a和IP10的PBMC表达，并通过酶联免疫吸附法评估血清IL-6和TNF-α的浓度。发现血清IP10，IL-6和TNF-α水平显着增加，与对照比较，IP10和PBMC的表达以及CAD的miRNA 296-a基因表达。在IP10基因表达与miRNA 296-a之间未发现显着相关性。在IP的PBMC基因表达水平与IP10的血清浓度和细胞因子IL-6和TNF-α水平之间发现显着正相关。综上所述，在CAD患者的PBMC中，IP10和296-a miRNA基因表达水平显着高于对照组。CAD患者的IP10，IL-6和TNF-α水平明显高于对照组。关于CAD患者miRNA 296-a基因表达水平与血清​​IL-6和TNF-α的正相关关系，有人提出IL-6和TNF-α抑制剂可能是miRNA 296a的主要靶点，因此IL-6和TNF-α水平升高；然而，