A non-GMO trait called Inzen™ was recently commercialized in grain sorghum to combat weedy grasses, allowing the use of nicosulfuron POST in the crop. Inzen™ grain sorghum carries a double mutation in the acetolactate synthase (ALS) gene Val560Ile and Trp574Leu, which potentially results in cross-resistance to a wide assortment of ALS-inhibiting herbicides. To evaluate the scope of cross-resistance to Weed Science Society of America Group 2 herbicides in addition to nicosulfuron, tests were conducted in 2016 and 2017 at the Lon Mann Cotton Research Station near Marianna, AR, the Arkansas Agricultural Research and Extension Center in Fayetteville, AR, and in 2016 at the Pine Tree Research Station near Colt, AR. The tests included ALS-inhibiting herbicides from all five families: sulfonylureas, imidazolinones, pyrimidinylthiobenzoics, triazolinones, and triazolopyrimidines. Treatments were made PRE or POST to grain sorghum at a 1× rate for crops in which each herbicide is labeled. Grain sorghum planted in the PRE trial were Inzen™ and a conventional cultivar. Visible estimates of injury and sorghum heights were recorded at 2 and 4 wk after herbicide application, and yield data were collected at crop maturity. In the PRE trial, no visible injury, sorghum height reduction, or yield loss were observed in plots containing the Inzen™ cultivar. Applications made POST to the Inzen™ grain sorghum caused visible injury, sorghum height reduction, and yield loss of 20%, 13%, and 35%, respectively, only in plots where bispyribac-Na was applied. There was no impact on the crop from other POST-applied ALS-inhibiting herbicides. These results demonstrate that the Inzen™ trait confers cross-resistance to most ALS-inhibiting herbicides and could offer promising new alternatives for weed control and protection from carryover of residual ALS-inhibiting herbicides in grain sorghum.

中文翻译：

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Inzen™ 高粱对多种前施和后施乙酰乳酸合酶抑制性除草剂的抗性

一种名为 Inzen™ 的非转基因特性最近在谷物高粱中商业化，以对抗杂草，允许在作物中使用烟嘧磺隆 POST。Inzen™ 高粱在乙酰乳酸合酶 (ALS) 基因 Val 中具有双重突变560Ile 和色氨酸574Leu，可能导致对多种 ALS 抑制除草剂产生交叉耐药性。为了评估除烟嘧磺隆之外对美国杂草科学学会第 2 组除草剂的交叉抗性范围，于 2016 年和 2017 年在阿肯色州费耶特维尔的阿肯色州农业研究和推广中心玛丽安娜附近的 Lon Mann 棉花研究站进行了测试，AR，并于 2016 年在阿肯色州柯尔特附近的松树研究站。测试包括来自所有五个家族的 ALS 抑制除草剂：磺酰脲类、咪唑啉酮类、嘧啶基硫代苯甲酸类、三唑啉酮类和三唑并嘧啶类。对于标记有每种除草剂的作物，以 1 倍的速率对高粱进行前或后处理。在 PRE 试验中种植的谷物高粱是 Inzen™ 和传统品种。在施用除草剂后 2 周和 4 周记录可见的伤害和高粱高度估计值，并在作物成熟时收集产量数据。在 PRE 试验中，在含有 Inzen™ 栽培品种的地块中没有观察到明显的损伤、高粱高度降低或产量损失。对 Inzen™ 谷物高粱进行 POST 后的应用仅在施用双嘧磺草胺的地块中造成明显的伤害、高粱高度降低和产量损失分别为 20%、13% 和 35%。其他 POST 施用的 A​​LS 抑制除草剂对作物没有影响。这些结果表明，Inzen™ 性状对大多数 ALS 抑制性除草剂具有交叉抗性，并且可以为杂草控制和防止谷物高粱中残留的 ALS 抑制性除草剂残留提供有希望的新替代品。