Assembling colloidal particles using site-selective directional interactions into predetermined colloidal superlattices with desired properties is broadly sought after, but challenging to achieve. Herein, we exploit regioselective depletion interactions to engineer the directional bonding and assembly of non-spherical colloidal hybrid microparticles. We report that the crystallization of a binary colloidal mixture can be regulated by tuning the depletion conditions. Subsequently, we fabricate triblock biphasic colloids with controlled aspect ratios to achieve regioselective bonding. Without any surface treatment, these biphasic colloids assemble into various colloidal superstructures and superlattices featuring optimized pole-to-pole or centre-to-centre interactions. Additionally, we observe polymorphic crystallization, quantify the abundancy of each form using algorithms we developed and investigate the crystallization process in real time. We demonstrate selective control of attractive interactions between specific regions on an anisotropic colloid with no need of site-specific surface functionalization, leading to a general method for achieving colloidal structures with yet unforeseen arrangements and properties.

人们广泛地寻求使用位点选择性定向相互作用将胶体颗粒组装成具有所需性质的预定胶体超晶格，但是要实现这一点具有挑战性。在本文中，我们利用区域选择性消耗相互作用来设计非球形胶体杂化微粒的定向键合和组装。我们报告说，可以通过调节耗尽条件来调节二元胶体混合物的结晶。随后，我们制造了具有受控长宽比的三嵌段双相胶体，以实现区域选择性键合。这些双相胶体未经任何表面处理，就组装成各种胶体超结构和超晶格，它们具有优化的极对极或中心到中心的相互作用。此外，我们观察到多晶型结晶，使用我们开发的算法来量化每种形式的丰度，并实时调查结晶过程。我们证明了各向异性胶体上特定区域之间的有吸引力的相互作用的选择性控制，而无需进行位点特定的表面功能化，从而导致了实现胶体结构的通用方法，而胶体结构尚无法预料。