Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease characterized by neuroinflammation, demyelination and axonal degeneration along with loss of function in the central nervous system. For many years, research in MS has focused on the efficacy of pharmacological treatments. However, during the last years, many publications have been dedicated to the study of the efficacy of non-pharmacological strategies, such as physical exercise and cognitive training. Beneficial effects of the combination of both strategies on cognitive function have been described in both ageing adults and patients with neurodegenerative diseases, such as MS. The analysis of combining both physical and cognitive stimulation can be summarized by the environmental enrichment (EE) experiments, which are more suitable for animal models. EE refers to housing conditions consisting of exercise and cognitive and social stimulation. In this review, we will summarize the available studies that describe the influence of EE in both MS patients and MS animal models.

中文翻译：

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训练大脑：它能改善多发性硬化症的治疗吗？

多发性硬化症 (MS) 是一种神经系统疾病，其特征是神经炎症、脱髓鞘和轴突变性以及中枢神经系统功能丧失。多年来，MS 的研究一直集中在药物治疗的功效上。然而，在过去几年中，许多出版物致力于研究非药物策略的功效，例如体育锻炼和认知训练。在老年人和患有神经退行性疾病（如 MS）的患者中，已经描述了两种策略组合对认知功能的有益影响。结合物理和认知刺激的分析可以通过更适合动物模型的环境富集（EE）实验来总结。EE 是指由锻炼、认知和社交刺激组成的住房条件。在这篇综述中，我们将总结描述 EE 在 MS 患者和 MS 动物模型中的影响的现有研究。