Abstract Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted much attention as energy harvesting and sensor devices. Compared with experimental means, theoretical analysis is of low cost and time-saving for behavior prediction and structural optimization and is more powerful for understanding the working mechanism of TENGs. In this article, the theoretical system for performance simulation of TENGs has been reviewed systematically. The parallel-plate capacitor model, the distance-dependent electric field (DDEF) model, figures of merit (FOMs), and multi-parameter analysis are introduced. The parallel-plate capacitor model is the most fundamental model of TENGs, which is used to simulate the output of TENGs with planar configurations. For non-planar TENGs, the DDEF model is proposed, according to which the electric field is assumed to be distance-dependent rather than being uniform throughout the space. Further, to realize the standardization of TENGs, a series of FOMs are proposed as the standardized evaluation tools for TENGs’ output performance, which are used to reflect the influence of device parameters on the output from different aspects. Lastly, the multi-parameter analysis is introduced to consider the impact of multiple parameters on the output of TENGs simultaneously. These theories constitute the theoretical simulation system of TENGs, which could be used to guide the experimental work on TENGs and boost device optimization in commercial manufacturing.

中文翻译：

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摩擦纳米发电机理论：综合综述

摘要 摩擦纳米发电机（TENGs）作为能量收集和传感器装置备受关注。与实验手段相比，理论分析在行为预测和结构优化方面成本低、省时，对理解TENGs的工作机制更有力。在本文中，系统地回顾了 TENG 性能模拟的理论体系。介绍了平行板电容器模型、距离相关电场 (DDEF) 模型、品质因数 (FOM) 和多参数分析。平行板电容器模型是 TENG 最基本的模型，用于模拟具有平面配置的 TENG 的输出。对于非平面 TENG，提出了 DDEF 模型，据此，假定电场与距离有关，而不是在整个空间中是均匀的。此外，为了实现TENGs的标准化，提出了一系列FOMs作为TENGs输出性能的标准化评估工具，用于从不同方面反映器件参数对输出的影响。最后，引入了多参数分析以同时考虑多个参数对 TENG 输出的影响。这些理论构成了 TENG 的理论模拟系统，可用于指导 TENG 的实验工作并促进商业制造中的器件优化。提出了一系列 FOM 作为 TENGs 输出性能的标准化评估工具，用于从不同方面反映器件参数对输出的影响。最后，引入了多参数分析以同时考虑多个参数对 TENG 输出的影响。这些理论构成了 TENG 的理论模拟系统，可用于指导 TENG 的实验工作并促进商业制造中的器件优化。提出了一系列 FOM 作为 TENGs 输出性能的标准化评估工具，用于从不同方面反映器件参数对输出的影响。最后，引入了多参数分析以同时考虑多个参数对 TENG 输出的影响。这些理论构成了 TENG 的理论模拟系统，可用于指导 TENG 的实验工作并促进商业制造中的器件优化。