Understanding the functional roles of different pollinator species is crucial to the development of sustainable farming practices in pollinator-dependent crops. However, this can be challenging for crop plants in tropical regions with hyper-diverse pollinator communities. Here, we assess pollen loads of different insect visitors to inflorescences of açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea), the most important native crop in the Amazon estuary region. Flower-visiting insects were collected from pistillate (female) inflorescences at eight sites, including four managed floodplain forests and four plantations. Pollinator Importance Value Index (PIVI) and Relative Importance (RI) scores were calculated for common visitor taxa (≥ 10 individuals) using sum visit frequencies and median pollen loads. Pollen load analyses revealed that over seventy insect taxa, including bees, flies, beetles, wasps and ants, were effective vectors of E. oleracea pollen. Native bees, including both solitary and eusocial taxa, were the most efficient pollen vectors, with median pollen loads at least eight times higher than those of the next best insect group (flies). Insect pollen loads were at their highest between 0800 and 1300 hours, and four insect taxa had RI scores > 0.05, including two meliponine bees belonging to the Trigona genus (Trigona branneri Cockerell and Trigona pallens Fabricius) and two halictid bee genera (Augochloropsis and Dialictus). Our results suggest that native bees play an important role in açaí pollination and should be the primary focus of pollinator management in açaí production systems.

中文翻译：

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花客到巴西棕榈（Euterpe oleracea）的花粉载量及对授粉服务管理的启示。

理解不同传粉媒介物种的功能作用对于发展依赖传粉媒介的农作物的可持续农业作法至关重要。但是，这对于具有多种传粉媒介群落的热带地区的农作物来说可能是一个挑战。在这里，我们评估了不同昆虫来访者对açaí棕榈（Euterpe oleracea）花序的花粉负荷。），这是亚马逊河口地区最重要的本地农作物。在八个地点（包括四个人工管理的洪泛区森林和四个人工林）的雌花序中采集了访花昆虫。使用总访问频率和花粉中位数，计算普通游客分类群（≥10个人）的授粉媒介重要性值指数（PIVI）和相对重要性（RI）分数。花粉负荷分析表明，包括蜜蜂，苍蝇，甲虫，黄蜂和蚂蚁在内的七十多种昆虫类群是大肠埃希菌的有效载体。花粉。最有效的花粉媒介是原生蜂，包括单独的和共生的类群，其花粉中位载量比次佳昆虫组（果蝇）高至少八倍。昆虫花粉负荷在0800到1300小时之间达到最高，四个昆虫类群的RI得分> 0.05，其中包括两个属于Trigona属的甜菜碱蜜蜂（Trigona branneri Cockerell和Trigona pallens Fabricius）以及两个盐生蜂属（Augochloropsis和Dialictus）。我们的研究结果表明，本地蜜蜂在印度洋授粉中起着重要作用，应该成为印度洋生产系统中传粉媒介管理的主要重点。