Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is one of the most significant bacterial diseases in global shrimp culture, causing severe economic losses. In the present study, we carried out in vitro antimicrobial tests to investigate the disinfection efficacy of 14 common disinfectants toward different AHPND-causing Vibrio spp., including eight isolates of V. parahaemolyticus, four isolates of V. campbellii, and one isolate of V. owensii. Polyhexamethylene biguanidine hydrochloride (PHMB) was revealed to possess the strongest inhibitory activity. Through analyzing and evaluating the results of antimicrobial tests and acute toxicity test, we selected PHMB and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) for further clinical protection test. Clinical manifestations indicated that both PHMB (2 mg/L and 4 mg/L) and H₂O₂ (12 mg/L) could effectively protect juvenile Penaeus vannamei from the infection of V. parahaemolyticus isolate Vp362 at 10⁶ CFU/ml, and the survival rate was over 80%. When the bacterial concentration was reduced to 10⁵ CFU/ml, 10⁴ CFU/ml, and 10³ CFU/ml, the survival rate after treated by 1 mg/L PHMB was 64.44%, 93.33%, and 100%, respectively. According to the results, PHMB and H₂O₂ showed a lower toxicity while a better protection activity, particularly against a lower concentration of the pathogens. Therefore, these two disinfectants are proved to be promising disinfectants that can be applied to prevent and control AHPND in shrimp culture. Moreover, the methods of this study also provided valuable information for the prevention of other important bacterial diseases and suggested a reliable means for screening potential drugs in aquaculture.

中文翻译：

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普通消毒剂对太平洋白虾南美白对虾引起的急性肝胰腺坏死病（AHPND）弧菌分离株的体外消毒效果和临床保护作用。

急性肝胰腺坏死病（AHPND）是全球虾类养殖中最重要的细菌性疾病之一，造成了严重的经济损失。在本研究中，我们进行了体外抗菌试验，以研究14种常见消毒剂对不同的AHPND致弧菌的消毒效果，其中包括8株副溶血弧菌，4株坎贝氏菌和1株V菌。。owensii。聚六亚甲基双胍盐酸盐（PHMB）被发现具有最强的抑制活性。通过分析和评估抗菌测试和急性毒性测试的结果，我们选择了PHMB和过氧化氢（H ₂O ₂）进行进一步的临床保护测试。临床表现表明PHMB（2 mg / L和4 mg / L）和H ₂ O ₂（12 mg / L）都可以有效地保护南美白对虾免受溶血弧菌Vp 362分离株的感染10 ⁶ CFU / ml ，存活率超过80％。当细菌浓度降低到10 ⁵ CFU / ml，10 ⁴ CFU / ml和10 ³ CFU / ml时，用1 mg / L PHMB处理后的存活率分别为64.44％，93.33％和100％。根据结果​​，PHMB和H ₂ O ₂表现出较低的毒性，同时具有更好的保护活性，尤其是针对较低浓度的病原体。因此，这两种消毒剂被证明是很有前途的消毒剂，可用于预防和控制虾类养殖中的AHPND。此外，这项研究的方法还为预防其他重要的细菌性疾病提供了有价值的信息，并提出了筛选水产养殖中潜在药物的可靠方法。