The effects of Mn doping on the microstructure and magnetic properties of CuFeO₂ systems were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a physical property measurement method. The microstructure measurements demonstrated that the substitution of Mn for Fe can cause lattice distortion, promote grain growth, and change the valence state of Fe and Mn ions. Ceramic samples with doping content x = 0.00−0.03 exhibited two successive magnetic transition temperature (T_N) at T_N1 ≈ 14 K and T_N2 ≈ 10 K. T_N decreased gradually with the Mn⁴⁺ content, and T_N2 was not observed in the x > 0.05 samples within a temperature range of T = 5−300 K. Magnetic hysteresis loops revealed that only anti-ferromagnetic behavior occurred in the low-doped samples (x = 0.00−0.03), and the coexistence of ferromagnetism and anti-ferromagnetism was observed in the high-doped samples (x = 0.05−0.10). Besides, the x = 0.10 sample had a maximum magnetization of 5.98 emu/g. This study provides basic experimental data for investigating the relationship between the microstructure and magnetic properties of CuFeO₂ systems.

中文翻译：

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锰掺杂对CuFeO 2陶瓷微观结构和磁性能的影响

利用X射线衍射（XRD），X射线光电子能谱，扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和物理性质测量方法研究了Mn掺杂对CuFeO ₂体系的微观结构和磁性能的影响。显微组织测量表明，Mn替代Fe会引起晶格畸变，促进晶粒生长，并改变Fe和Mn离子的化合价态。随着掺杂含量陶瓷样品X = 0.00-0.03表现出两个连续的磁转变温度（Ť _Ñ）在Ť _N1 ≈14 K和Ť _N2 ≈10 K. Ť _Ñ与MN逐渐下降⁴⁺内容，和Ť _N2未中观察到的X > 0.05的样品的温度范围内Ť = 5-300 K.磁滞回线表明发生了掺杂低的样品（在仅抗铁磁行为X = 0.00-0.03） ，并且在高掺杂样品中观察到铁磁性和反铁磁性的共存（x = 0.05-0.10）。此外，x＝ 0.10的样品具有5.98emu / g的最大磁化强度。该研究为研究CuFeO ₂系统的微观结构与磁性能之间的关系提供了基础实验数据。