A debate has occurred concerning the laws of scale and the fractal nature of geographical space. Biodiversity and pedodiversity studies show the emergence of fractal structures such as taxa‐area relationships. Biodiversity and pedodiversity are natural resources, although some consider pedotaxa to be artificial. The studies carried out to date emphasize that many pedodiversity and biodiversity spatial patterns converge at the same regularities. Many of these studies used natural resources maps and their digital databases. Information is extracted from the taxa types contained in each polygon and the areas covered. However, the structure of the maps (number, area, fragmentation, etc.) has rarely been a matter of study. When map structure was studied, intriguing similarities were observed in pedodiversity and biodiversity analyses. To understand whether these similarities also appear in other types of spatial entities that are more artificial, a review of geospatial analyses that studied topics such as urban maps, land system maps, etc., was undertaken. The main variables in these maps are manmade and/or combinations of natural resources data layers. Regularities detected in the geospatial information of these latter topics also seem to conform to results obtained when analysing natural resources maps such as soils, rock types, landforms, plant communities, etc. Thus, some geographers consider the idea that there are far more small things/objects than larger ones across several orders of magnitude in geographic space to be a law. Some geographers also contend that the classical “Gaussian thinking” and its statistical tools should be replaced by a “Paretian thinking” and its related statistical tools. This paper analyses the above topics as well as the lack of adequate data and types of cognitive maps we use in our modern scientific society, supporting the conjecture that that we should include Paretian thinking in our research at least in the same way we use Gaussian thinking.

中文翻译：

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探索地理空间的缩放定律：高斯与帕累斯思维

关于规模定律和地理空间的分形性质已经发生了辩论。生物多样性和生物多样性研究表明，出现了分形结构，如分类区域关系。生物多样性和生态多样性是自然资源，尽管有些人认为pedotaxa是人工的。迄今为止进行的研究强调，许多物种多样性和生物多样性的空间格局以相同的规律收敛。这些研究中许多使用自然资源图及其数字数据库。信息是从每个多边形及其覆盖区域中包含的分类单元类型中提取的。但是，地图的结构（数量，面积，碎片等）很少需要研究。在研究地图结构时，在教学多样性和生物多样性分析中观察到了有趣的相似性。为了理解这些相似性是否也出现在其他类型的更人工的空间实体中，对地理空间分析进行了回顾，研究了诸如城市地图，土地系统地图等主题。这些地图中的主要变量是人造的和/或自然资源数据层的组合。在后面这些主题的地理空间信息中检测到的规律性似乎也与分析自然资源图（例如土壤，岩石类型，地貌，植物群落等）时获得的结果相符。因此，一些地理学家认为存在更多的小东西的想法/物体在地理空间中跨越几个数量级的较大物体，这是定律。一些地理学家还争辩说，经典的“高斯思维”及其统计工具应被“帕累斯思维”及其相关的统计工具所代替。本文分析了上述主题，以及我们在现代科学社会中使用的认知图缺乏足够的数据和类型，支持了我们至少应以使用高斯思维的方式将帕里斯蒂亚思维纳入研究的推测。