To achieve a sustainable bioeconomy, various bioderived additives have been developed to produce biocomposites, but only a handful of research on biocomposites focuses on the effect of bioderived additives on interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs). This study is aimed at understanding the interaction between bioadditives and interpenetrating polymer networks and is the first study to build the relationship between bioadditive ratio and damping factor based on dynamic mechanical analysis. The IPNs were prepolymerized in bulk by isocyanate and poly(oxypropylene) polyol (PPG) with two different molecular weights (PPG 700 and PPG 1000), and then, they were grafted with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether epoxy. The bioadditives were prepared from agricultural waste, sugarcane bagasse, and the effect of the coupling agent 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane on a bioadditive surface was also discussed in this study. The results show that modified bioadditives have significant enhancement on tensile strength and tensile modulus of polyurethane-grafted epoxy resin interpenetrating polymer networks (PU(PPG)-EP graft-IPNs). However, the enhancement is not from a strong covalent bond between matrix and additives, that is, due to the well-dispersed bioadditives which provide stiff segments. The static and dynamic mechanical performance, water absorption ratio, and morphology of the (PU(PPG)-EP graft-IPNs) elastomers were also thoroughly discussed in this study.

中文翻译：

---

甘蔗渣制成的生物添加剂对互穿聚合物网络的影响

为了实现可持续的生物经济，已经开发了多种生物衍生的添加剂来生产生物复合材料，但是仅少数生物复合材料的研究集中于生物衍生的添加剂对互穿聚合物网络（IPN）的影响。这项研究旨在了解生物添加剂与互穿聚合物网络之间的相互作用，并且是首次基于动态力学分析建立生物添加剂比率与阻尼因子之间关系的研究。IPN通过异氰酸酯和具有两种不同分子量（PPG 700和PPG 1000）的聚（氧化丙烯）多元醇（PPG）进行预聚合，然后将其与双酚A二缩水甘油醚环氧树脂接枝。生物添加剂是从农业废料，甘蔗渣，本研究还讨论了偶联剂3-环氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷对生物添加剂表面的影响。结果表明，改性生物添加剂对聚氨酯接枝的环氧树脂互穿聚合物网络（PU（PPG）-EP接枝-IPNs）的拉伸强度和拉伸模量具有显着增强。然而，增强不是来自基质和添加剂之间的强共价键，也就是说，由于提供了刚性链段的生物添加剂分散得很好。（PU（PPG）-EP接枝-IPNs）弹性体的静态和动态力学性能，吸水率和形态也进行了详尽的讨论。结果表明，改性生物添加剂对聚氨酯接枝的环氧树脂互穿聚合物网络（PU（PPG）-EP接枝-IPNs）的拉伸强度和拉伸模量具有显着增强。然而，增强不是来自基质和添加剂之间的强共价键，也就是说，由于提供了刚性链段的生物添加剂分散得很好。（PU（PPG）-EP接枝-IPNs）弹性体的静态和动态力学性能，吸水率和形态也进行了详尽的讨论。结果表明，改性生物添加剂对聚氨酯接枝的环氧树脂互穿聚合物网络（PU（PPG）-EP接枝-IPNs）的拉伸强度和拉伸模量具有显着增强。然而，增强不是来自基质和添加剂之间的强共价键，也就是说，由于提供了刚性链段的生物添加剂分散得很好。（PU（PPG）-EP接枝-IPNs）弹性体的静态和动态力学性能，吸水率和形态也进行了详尽的讨论。