Oocyte activation induced by calcium oscillations is an important process in normal fertilization and subsequent embryogenesis. In the clinical-assisted reproduction, artificial oocyte activation (AOA) is an effective method to improve the clinical outcome of patients with null or low fertilization rate after ICSI. However, little is known about the effect of AOA on preimplantation embryo development in cases with normal fertilization by ICSI. Here, we used ionomycin at different concentrations to activate oocytes after ICSI with normal sperm and evaluated energy metabolism and preimplantation embryo development. We found that a high concentration of ionomycin increased the frequency and amplitude of calcium oscillation patterns, affecting the balance of mitochondrial energy metabolism, leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased ATP. Eventually, it increases DNA damage and decreases blastocyst formation. In addition, the addition of vitamin C to the culture medium ameliorated the increase in ROS and DNA damage and rescued the abnormal embryo development caused by excessive ionomycin activation. This study provides a perspective that the improper application of AOA may have adverse effects on preimplantation embryo development. Thus, clinical AOA treatment should be cautiously administered.

中文翻译：

---

离子霉素诱导的小鼠卵母细胞活化可通过增加活性氧反应和 DNA 损伤来破坏植入前胚胎发育。

钙振荡诱导的卵母细胞活化是正常受精和随后胚胎发生的重要过程。在临床辅助生殖中，人工卵母细胞激活（AOA）是改善ICSI后无效或低受精率患者临床结局的有效方法。然而，在 ICSI 正常受精的情况下，AOA 对植入前胚胎发育的影响知之甚少。在这里，我们使用不同浓度的离子霉素在 ICSI 后用正常精子激活卵母细胞，并评估能量代谢和植入前胚胎发育。我们发现高浓度的离子霉素会增加钙振荡模式的频率和幅度，影响线粒体能量代谢的平衡，导致活性氧 (ROS) 增加和 ATP 减少。最终，它会增加 DNA 损伤并减少囊胚形成。此外，在培养基中添加维生素 C 改善了 ROS 和 DNA 损伤的增加，挽救了因离子霉素过度激活引起的胚胎发育异常。本研究提供了一个观点，即AOA的不当应用可能对植入前胚胎发育产生不利影响。因此，临床 AOA 治疗应谨慎进行。本研究提供了一个观点，即AOA的不当应用可能对植入前胚胎发育产生不利影响。因此，临床 AOA 治疗应谨慎进行。本研究提供了一个观点，即AOA的不当应用可能对植入前胚胎发育产生不利影响。因此，临床 AOA 治疗应谨慎进行。