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Contrasting patterns of phylogenetic diversity across climatic zones of Western Ghats: A biodiversity hotspot in peninsular India
Journal of Systematics and Evolution ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-25 , DOI: 10.1111/jse.12663 Divya B. 1 , Ramesh B.R. 2 , K. Praveen Karanth 1
Journal of Systematics and Evolution ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-25 , DOI: 10.1111/jse.12663 Divya B. 1 , Ramesh B.R. 2 , K. Praveen Karanth 1
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This study attempts to understand the biogeographic history of the Western Ghats forests by investigating decoupling between phylogenetic and taxonomic diversity. We specifically test whether the deciduous forests have been recently established, whether the southern region was a refuge, and whether the deciduous and evergreen forest species have disparate evolutionary histories. We used species composition data from 23 forest types along the Western Ghats for all woody angiosperms above 10‐cm diameter at breast height. Forests were broadly grouped as either evergreen or deciduous. Mean phylogenetic distances corrected for species richness and mean phylogenetic beta diversity corrected for shared species were assessed using z‐scores from null distributions. Null distributions were generated by randomizing the species relationships on the phylogeny. We found that all evergreen forests showed a greater phylogenetic diversity as compared with null expectations. Deciduous forests showed the inverse pattern. Within the evergreen belt, there was a decreasing phylogenetic diversity from south to north, as predicted by the southern refuge hypothesis. The phylogenetic beta diversity across evergreen–deciduous forests was lesser than the null expectation, whereas it was much higher across forests within the evergreen belt. This study provides the first phylogenetic evidence for the antiquity of evergreen forests as well as the southern refuge hypothesis in the Western Ghats. The deciduous forests species have shared evolutionary histories with the evergreen forest species, suggesting multiple shifts between evergreen and deciduous states through the lineages. Conversely, the evergreen species exhibited a disparate evolutionary history across these forests, possibly owing to sharper ecological or climatic gradients.
中文翻译：
西高止山脉不同气候带系统发育多样性的不同模式：印度半岛的生物多样性热点
这项研究试图通过调查系统发育和分类学多样性之间的脱钩来了解西高止山脉森林的生物地理历史。我们专门测试落叶林是否最近建立，南部地区是否是避难所以及落叶和常绿森林物种是否具有不同的进化历史。我们使用西高止山脉沿线23种森林类型的物种组成数据，对胸高处直径大于10 cm的所有木质被子植物进行了分析。森林大致分为常绿或落叶林。使用z评估针对物种丰富度校正的平均系统发生距离和针对共享物种校正的平均系统发生β多样性来自空分布的得分。通过随机分配系统发育中的物种关系来生成零分布。我们发现，与零期望相比，所有常绿森林都表现出更大的系统发育多样性。落叶林呈倒挂型。正如南部避难所假说所预测的那样，在常绿带内，从南到北的系统发育多样性正在降低。常绿落叶林之间的系统发育β多样性小于零期望，而常绿带内森林之间的系统发育β多样性则高得多。这项研究为常绿森林以及西高止山脉的南部避难所假说提供了第一个系统发育证据。落叶林物种与常绿森林物种具有相同的进化历史，通过谱系暗示常绿和落叶状态之间的多重转换。相反，这些常绿树种在这些森林中表现出不同的进化历史，这可能是由于生态学或气候梯度更加陡峭所致。
更新日期：2020-07-25
中文翻译：
西高止山脉不同气候带系统发育多样性的不同模式：印度半岛的生物多样性热点
这项研究试图通过调查系统发育和分类学多样性之间的脱钩来了解西高止山脉森林的生物地理历史。我们专门测试落叶林是否最近建立，南部地区是否是避难所以及落叶和常绿森林物种是否具有不同的进化历史。我们使用西高止山脉沿线23种森林类型的物种组成数据，对胸高处直径大于10 cm的所有木质被子植物进行了分析。森林大致分为常绿或落叶林。使用z评估针对物种丰富度校正的平均系统发生距离和针对共享物种校正的平均系统发生β多样性来自空分布的得分。通过随机分配系统发育中的物种关系来生成零分布。我们发现，与零期望相比，所有常绿森林都表现出更大的系统发育多样性。落叶林呈倒挂型。正如南部避难所假说所预测的那样，在常绿带内，从南到北的系统发育多样性正在降低。常绿落叶林之间的系统发育β多样性小于零期望，而常绿带内森林之间的系统发育β多样性则高得多。这项研究为常绿森林以及西高止山脉的南部避难所假说提供了第一个系统发育证据。落叶林物种与常绿森林物种具有相同的进化历史，通过谱系暗示常绿和落叶状态之间的多重转换。相反，这些常绿树种在这些森林中表现出不同的进化历史，这可能是由于生态学或气候梯度更加陡峭所致。
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