Ball screws are crucial for improving the reliability and interchangeability of transmission mechanical systems; however, existing contact measurement methods that utilise stylus contact are not efficient, which precludes their use for rapid in-situ geometry evaluation. This paper presents a vision-based two-stage method for rapid measurement of key parameters (raceway arc radii and centre distance) of ball screws. The edge contour information is extracted from the acquired image using the dual-tree complex wavelet transform and non-maximal suppression. In the matching stage, a shape-matching algorithm is used for detecting approximate geometrical centres of raceway arcs. The refinement stage, on the other hand, is implemented for acquiring precise dimensional results. Furthermore, the method of averaging multiple measurements is performed to suppress random noise. A comparative experiment is presented to validate the robustness of the proposed method. Based on experimental results, the calculated mean absolute errors in the measurement of the two raceway arc radii and the centre distance are found to be 0.0082 mm, 0.0079 mm and 0.0055 mm, respectively. This study therefore paves the way for key parameter measurement without removing ball screws.

滚珠丝杠对于提高变速箱机械系统的可靠性和互换性至关重要。但是，现有的利用触针接触的接触测量方法效率不高，因此无法用于快速的原位几何评估。本文提出了一种基于视觉的两阶段方法，用于快速测量滚珠丝杠的关键参数（轨道弧半径和中心距）。使用双树复数小波变换和非最大抑制，从获取的图像中提取边缘轮廓信息。在匹配阶段，使用形状匹配算法来检测滚道弧线的近似几何中心。另一方面，改进阶段用于获取精确的尺寸结果。此外，执行多次测量的平均方法以抑制随机噪声。提出了一个比较实验，以验证该方法的鲁棒性。根据实验结果，计算得出的两个滚道弧半径和中心距的平均绝对误差分别为0.0082 mm，0.0079 mm和0.0055 mm。因此，这项研究为关键参数的测量铺平了道路，而无需卸下滚珠丝杠。