Impulsivity includes hasty actions, social intrusiveness or premature decision-making. Neuropeptides like oxytocin alleviate haste and anxiety, and affect fear conditioning. However, no investigations have been done via gene-network based approach with cognitive and interventional genetic association studies to scrutinize the link between impulsive behavior and oxytocin. Here, interactive gene network and pathways associated with impulsivity were reconstructed, and serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) and serotoninergic synaptic transmission were identified as the most central gene and pathway related to impulsivity. Young healthy males received intranasal oxytocin or placebo, and impulsivity was evaluated via go/no-go test. Test performance scores then were analyzed based on commission and omission errors, response inhibition and reaction time. Blood DNA was extracted and a 761 bp intronic region in oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene was amplified and sequenced using PCR-pyrosequencing. Employing Haploview, haplotypes and linkage disequilibrium (LD) pattern among all SNPs in the target sequence were determined based on D′ and LOD values, and rs2254298 with the highest LD was indicated as the tag SNP. Oxytocin group and participants with GG genotype showed a significantly decreased commission error and increased inhibition. This means that oxytocin alleviated impulsive behavior, and subjects with GG genotype had lower rate of impulsivity than those with GA and AA genotypes. rs2254298 may modulate the function or expression of the OXTR gene, implying that G allele may increase the expression of OXTR gene compared to A allele. We suggest that intranasal oxytocin may notably moderate impulsive behavior and tendency to make hasty or premature decisions.

冲动性包括仓促行动，社交干扰或过早的决策。催产素等神经肽可缓解仓促和焦虑，并影响恐惧心理。然而，还没有通过基于基因网络的方法进行认知和介入遗传协会研究来研究冲动行为和催产素之间的联系的研究。在这里，互动的基因网络和与冲动相关的途径被重建，5-羟色胺转运蛋白基因（SLC6A4）和5-羟色胺能突触传递被确定为与冲动相关的最主要的基因和途径。年轻健康的男性接受鼻内催产素或安慰剂，并通过合格/不合格测试评估冲动性。然后根据委托和遗漏错误，响应抑制和反应时间来分析测试性能得分。提取血液DNA，并使用PCR-焦磷酸测序法对催产素受体（OXTR）基因中的761 bp内含子区域进行扩增和测序。利用Haploview，基于D'和LOD值确定靶序列中所有SNP之间的单倍型和连锁不平衡（LD）模式，并以LD最高的rs2254298标记为SNP。催产素组和GG基因型参与者表现出明显降低的佣金错误和增加的抑制作用。这意味着催产素减轻了冲动行为，GG基因型的受试者的冲动率低于GA和AA基因型的受试者。rs2254298可能会调节OXTR基因的功能或表达，这意味着与A等位基因相比，G等位基因可能会增加OXTR基因的表达。