Abstract Robotic farming will play an undeniably significant role in future sustainable agriculture. Autonomous agricultural vehicles for arable crops and their components are reviewed herein, and their differing possible components, advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The autonomous agricultural vehicles are qualified from technical points of view, including each vehicle's hardware unit (platform development, platform, transporter system, operation functions, communication, sensors [positional sensor, attitude sensor, and safety sensor], and control unit), the physical environment, and the control algorithm. The development process for different vehicles is described. As an operational case study, all investigations conducted at Hokkaido University between 1990 and 2018 are discussed and evaluated based on the described classification. The development procedure, the process of component selection, developmental challenges, and the performance indicators of the vehicles are discussed in detail. The development process and applicability of each component are then presented, and recommendations for future studies are noted. Finally, the most important experiences and lessons, and some recommendations are outlined.

中文翻译：

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自动农用车回顾（北海道大学的经验）

摘要 机器人农业将在未来的可持续农业中发挥不可否认的重要作用。本文回顾了用于耕种作物的自主农业车辆及其组件，并讨论了它们不同的可能组件、优点和缺点。自主农用车从技术角度来看，包括每辆车的硬件单元（平台开发、平台、运输系统、操作功能、通信、传感器[位置传感器、姿态传感器和安全传感器]、控制单元）、物理环境和控制算法。描述了不同车辆的开发过程。作为一个操作案例研究，1990 年至 2018 年间在北海道大学进行的所有调查都根据所描述的分类进行了讨论和评估。详细讨论了车辆的开发程序、部件选择过程、开发挑战和性能指标。然后介绍了每个组件的开发过程和适用性，并指出了对未来研究的建议。最后，概述了最重要的经验教训和一些建议。