Abstract Fabricating continuous porous carbon nanofibers (CNFs) based on biomass materials still remains challenging for current supercapacitors (SCs) results from the limitation of carbon yield and molecular flexibility. In this work, P and N dual-doped 1D porous carbon nanofibers (PNF) are prepared through a controllable way by electrospinning phytic acid solution of chitosan (CS)/ polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with subsequent crucial segmented carbonization. Due to the ultra-high specific surface area, extremely low charge transfer resistance, and the contribution of N, P dual doping to pseudocapacitors, the obtained PNF exhibits the highest specific capacitance of 358.7 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1. More notably, a symmetrical SC assembled by PNF achieves an outstanding capacitance of 94 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1, and a high energy density of 13.1 W h kg−1 at a power density of 248 W kg−1, furthermore, a high capacitance retention of 87.5% is performed after 10,000 cycles. It is firmly believed that the research on the preparation method and performance of carbon nanofibers involved in this article is of profound inspiration for mobile power sources.

中文翻译：

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电纺壳聚糖制备N/P共掺杂分级多孔碳纳米纤维用于高性能超级电容器的灵巧友好制备

摘要 由于碳产量和分子灵活性的限制，基于生物质材料制造连续多孔碳纳米纤维 (CNF) 对于当前的超级电容器 (SC) 仍然具有挑战性。在这项工作中，通过静电纺丝壳聚糖（CS）/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）的植酸溶液并随后进行关键的分段碳化，通过可控方式制备了P和N双掺杂的一维多孔碳纳米纤维（PNF）。由于超高的比表面积、极低的电荷转移电阻以及 N、P 双掺杂对赝电容器的贡献，所获得的 PNF 在 1 A g 的电流密度下表现出最高的比电容 358.7 F g-1 -1。更值得注意的是，由 PNF 组装的对称 SC 在 0.5 A g-1 的电流密度下实现了 94 F g-1 的出色电容，在 248 W kg-1 的功率密度下具有 13.1 W h kg-1 的高能量密度，并且在 10,000 次循环后实现了 87.5% 的高电容保持率。坚信本文所涉及的碳纳米纤维的制备方法和性能研究对移动电源具有深远的启发意义。