Abstract Abiotic, Bioinduced and Biocontrolled carbonates are process-based sediment categories. They successively reflect increasing levels of biotic control over carbonate precipitation from aqueous solutions, are often closely linked to depositional environment, and change with time. Hybrid Carbonates are intimate in situ combinations of two or more of these categories. Hybrid Carbonates are widespread and diverse in the marine geological record and reflect large-scale changes in carbonate precipitation through time. They also occur in fluvial and lacustrine carbonates, marine and non-marine reef systems, and methane seep deposits. Plots of Hybrid Carbonate composition in time and space reveal complex ‘backtracking’ and ‘looping’ patterns that reflect changes in environmental conditions and biological processes of carbonate production. Recognition of hybridity emphasizes the importance of distinguishing abiotic and bioinduced precipitates. Until they were diversified by Skeletal Carbonates in the late Proterozoic, Precambrian Hybrid Carbonates were Abiotic-Bioinduced combinations. During the Phanerozoic Hybrid Carbonates were conspicuous during periods of overlap or transition between intervals of Microbial and Skeletal carbonate abundance. Microbial-Skeletal Dual Hybrids are common during the Cambrian-mid Ordovician, Late Devonian-Mississippian, and Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous. Abiotic-Microbial-Skeletal Triple Hybrids were common from Late Pennsylvanian to mid-Triassic. Shallow marine Hybrid Carbonates declined in abundance after the mid-Cretaceous, although Late Cenozoic reefs contain some striking examples of Microbial-Skeletal Hybrids. Recognition of Hybrid Carbonates draws attention to fundamental processes underlying carbonate sedimentation, and their patterns and drivers of change in time and space.

中文翻译：

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混合碳酸盐：原位非生物、微生物和骨骼共沉淀物

摘要 非生物、生物诱导和生物控制碳酸盐是基于过程的沉积物类别。它们依次反映了对水溶液中碳酸盐沉淀的生物控制水平的提高，通常与沉积环境密切相关，并随时间变化。混合碳酸盐是这些类别中的两个或多个的紧密原位组合。混合碳酸盐岩在海洋地质记录中广泛多样，反映了碳酸盐降水随时间的大规模变化。它们也存在于河流和湖泊碳酸盐岩、海洋和非海洋珊瑚礁系统以及甲烷渗漏沉积物中。混合碳酸盐组成的时间和空间图揭示了复杂的“回溯”和“循环”模式，反映了碳酸盐生产的环境条件和生物过程的变化。杂交的识别强调区分非生物和生物诱导沉淀的重要性。在元古代晚期被骨骼碳酸盐多样化之前，前寒武纪杂化碳酸盐是非生物-生物诱导的组合。在显生宙杂化碳酸盐岩在微生物和骨骼碳酸盐丰度区间的重叠或过渡时期很明显。微生物-骨骼双杂种在寒武纪-中奥陶世、晚泥盆世-密西西比纪和晚侏罗世-早白垩世很常见。从宾夕法尼亚晚期到三叠纪中期，非生物-微生物-骨骼三重杂种很常见。浅海混合碳酸盐岩在白垩纪中期之后大量减少，尽管晚新生代珊瑚礁包含一些微生物-骨骼混合体的显着例子。