To realize cross-wedge rolling of shaft parts without a stub bar in a short process, an axial closed–open-type cross-wedge rolling technique was proposed. Based on the strain characteristics in the rolling, evaluation indices of deformation uniformity were provided, and the DEFORM-3D software was adopted to conduct numerical simulations of the rolling process. The metal flow and strain distribution in all stages of the rolling process were analyzed. It is shown that the strain value of the rolled piece close to the end is relatively high while the overall strain distribution is uniform in the rolling process. When the percentage reduction in area is smaller, the fluctuation range of the equivalent strain will be lower and the overall uniformity of the rolled piece will be better. A variable angle wedge was implemented to make metal flow inward and eliminate concavity. Finally, rolling experiment was performed, which indicate that the shape of the rolled piece obtained is consistent with the simulation results. Concavity value in the rolling is decreased by 92% as compared to conventional open rolling. The research results lay a theoretical basis for realizing closed–open-type cross-wedge rolling without a stub bar.

为了在短时间内实现不带短棒的轴零件的楔形轧制，提出了一种轴向封闭-开放式楔形轧制技术。根据轧制过程中的应变特性，给出了变形均匀性的评价指标，并采用DEFORM-3D软件对轧制过程进行了数值模拟。分析了轧制过程所有阶段的金属流动和应变分布。结果表明，在轧制过程中，靠近端部的轧制件的应变值较高，而整体应变分布却是均匀的。面积减少率越小，等效应变的变动范围越小，压延件的整体均匀性越好。实施了可变角度的楔形，以使金属向内流动并消除凹陷。最后，进行了轧制实验，表明所获得的轧制件的形状与模拟结果一致。与常规的开放式轧制相比，轧制中的凹度值降低了92％。该研究结果为实现不带短棒的封闭式，敞开式楔形轧制提供了理论基础。