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Consequences of barriers and changing seasonality on population dynamics and harvest of migratory ungulates
Theoretical Ecology ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-25 , DOI: 10.1007/s12080-020-00471-w
Bram Van Moorter , Steinar Engen , John M. Fryxell , Manuela Panzacchi , Erlend B. Nilsen , Atle Mysterud

Many animal populations providing ecosystem services, including harvest, live in seasonal environments and migrate between seasonally distinct ranges. Unfortunately, two major sources of human-induced global change threaten these populations: climate change and anthropogenic barriers. Anthropogenic infrastructure developments present a global threat to animal migrations through increased migration mortality or behavioral avoidance. Climate change alters the seasonal and spatial dynamics of resources and therefore the effects of migration on population performance. We formulated a population model with ideal-free migration to investigate changes in population size and harvest yield due to barriers and seasonal dynamics. The model predicted an increasing proportion of migrants when the difference between areas in seasonality or carrying capacity increased. Both migration cost and behavioral avoidance of barriers substantially reduced population size and harvest yields. Not surprisingly, the negative effects of barriers were largest when the population benefited most from migration. Despite the overall decline in harvest yield from a migratory population due to barriers, barriers could result in locally increased yield from the resident population following reduced competition from migrants. Our approach and results enhance the understanding of how global warming and infrastructure development worldwide may change population dynamics and harvest offtake affecting livelihoods and rural economies.



中文翻译:

障碍和季节性变化对人口动态和有蹄类动物收获的影响

提供包括收获在内的生态系统服务的许多动物种群生活在季节性环境中,并在季节性不同的范围之间迁移。不幸的是,人类引起的全球变化的两个主要来源威胁着这些人口:气候变化和人为障碍。通过增加迁徙死亡率或避免行为,人为基础设施的发展对动物迁徙构成了全球威胁。气候变化改变了资源的季节和空间动态,从而改变了人口迁移对人口绩效的影响。我们制定了一个无理想迁徙的种群模型,以调查由于障碍和季节动态而导致的种群规模和收成变化。该模型预测,当季节性或承载能力之间的差异增加时,移民的比例将会增加。迁徙成本和避免障碍的行为都大大减少了人口规模和收成。毫不奇怪,当人口从移民中受益最大时,障碍的负面影响最大。尽管由于种种障碍,迁徙人口的收成总体下降,但由于移民的竞争减少,这些障碍可能导致当地居民的单产增加。我们的方法和结果加深了人们对全球变暖和全球基础设施发展可能如何改变人口动态和影响人类生计和农村经济的收成的理解。迁徙成本和避免障碍的行为都大大减少了人口规模和收成。毫不奇怪,当人口从移民中受益最大时,障碍的负面影响最大。尽管由于种种障碍,迁徙人口的收成总体下降,但由于移民的竞争减少,这些障碍可能导致当地居民的单产增加。我们的方法和结果加深了人们对全球变暖和全球基础设施发展可能如何改变人口动态和影响人类生计和农村经济的收成的理解。迁徙成本和避免障碍的行为都大大减少了人口规模和收成。毫不奇怪,当人口从移民中受益最大时,障碍的负面影响最大。尽管由于种种障碍,迁徙人口的收成总体下降,但由于移民的竞争减少,这些障碍可能导致当地居民的单产增加。我们的方法和结果加深了人们对全球变暖和全球基础设施发展可能如何改变人口动态和影响人类生计和农村经济的收成的理解。尽管由于种种障碍,迁徙人口的收成总体下降,但由于移民的竞争减少,这些障碍可能导致当地居民的单产增加。我们的方法和结果加深了人们对全球变暖和全球基础设施发展可能如何改变人口动态和影响人类生计和农村经济的收成的理解。尽管由于种种障碍,迁徙人口的收成总体下降,但由于移民的竞争减少,这些障碍可能导致当地居民的单产增加。我们的方法和结果加深了人们对全球变暖和全球基础设施发展可能如何改变人口动态和影响人类生计和农村经济的收成的理解。

更新日期:2020-07-25
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