The performance of a semi-passive sulfate-reducing bioreactor (SPSRB) was studied for the treatment of highly contaminated AMD (pH = 4.2, [Fe]i: 1600 to 6400 mg/L). The potential mobility of contaminants (metals and sulfates) from AMD post-treatment residue was also evaluated (e.g. metal speciation, weathering cells) to ensure their proper management. Sodium lactate (3500 mg/L) was continuously added to three SPSRBs composed of 60% birch chips, 20% calcite, and 20% poultry manure to enhance microbial activity. The SPSRBs were very effective during the total duration of the experiment (266 days) for the removal of Fe (average removal efficiency of 97.7%), Cd (> 99.4%), Cr (99.3%), Cu (99.9%), Ni (99.2%), Pb (99.8%), Al (92.4%), and Zn (90.7%). The study of the physicochemical stability of the post-treatment residues showed a net positive neutralization potential of 22.4 kg CaCO3/t and a NP/NA ratio of 1.80. Although the metal speciation estimates revealed that Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn were mainly retained in the biofilter as oxides or hydroxides, a significant proportion of metals were also present in the form of sulfides, or bound to organic matter as exchangeable/soluble sulfate fractions. Finally, the kinetic tests (weathering cells) confirmed the high risk of metal release if the post-treatment residues are disposed of in an oxidizing environment.

中文翻译：

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酸性矿山排水处理半被动硫酸盐还原生物反应器性能及后处理渣环境行为预测

研究了半被动硫酸盐还原生物反应器 (SPSRB) 处理高度污染的 AMD（pH = 4.2，[Fe] i：1600 至 6400 mg/L）的性能。还评估了来自 AMD 后处理残留物的污染物（金属和硫酸盐）的潜在流动性（例如金属形态、风化细胞），以确保对其进行适当管理。将乳酸钠（3500 mg/L）连续添加到由 60% 桦木屑、20% 方解石和 20% 家禽粪便组成的三个 SPSRB 中，以增强微生物活性。在整个实验期间（266 天），SPSRB 非常有效地去除 Fe（平均去除效率为 97.7%）、Cd（> 99.4%）、Cr（99.3%）、Cu（99.9%）、Ni (99.2%)、铅 (99.8%)、铝 (92.4%) 和锌 (90.7%)。对后处理残留物的物理化学稳定性的研究表明，净正中和电位为 22.4 kg CaCO3/t，NP/NA 比为 1.80。尽管金属形态估计表明 Fe、Mn、Ni 和 Zn 主要以氧化物或氢氧化物的形式保留在生物过滤器中，但很大一部分金属也以硫化物的形式存在，或以可交换/可溶性硫酸盐的形式与有机物结合分数。最后，动力学测试（风化池）证实，如果在氧化环境中处理后处理残留物，金属释放的风险很高。很大一部分金属也以硫化物的形式存在，或以可交换/可溶性硫酸盐部分的形式与有机物质结合。最后，动力学测试（风化池）证实，如果在氧化环境中处理后处理残留物，金属释放的风险很高。很大一部分金属也以硫化物的形式存在，或以可交换/可溶性硫酸盐部分的形式与有机物质结合。最后，动力学测试（风化池）证实，如果在氧化环境中处理后处理残留物，金属释放的风险很高。