Synthesis of cyano-functionalized nitrogen heterocycles under palladium, nickel, and cobalt catalysis is described. These transformations include the activation of C-C multiple bonds to give the functionalized pyrrolidines and their related compounds. The palladium-catalyzed reactions promote nucleophilic cyanation to non-activated terminal alkynes. Nickel catalysis enables to install H and CN functionalities into allenes with regio- and stereoselective manner. In the case of cobalt-catalyzed hydrocyanation, hydroacylation and hydroarylation, simple olefins as well as enamines are suitable substrates to construct highly functionalized hetero- and carbocycles. The applications of the above methodologies for the synthesis of alkaloids and related compounds are also described.

中文翻译：

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过渡金属催化下氰基环化和环加成反应合成氮杂环

描述了在钯，镍和钴催化下氰基官能化氮杂环的合成。这些转化包括CC多键的活化，从而得到官能化的吡咯烷及其相关化合物。钯催化的反应促进亲核氰化成未活化的末端炔。镍催化能够以区域和立体选择性的方式将H和CN官能团安装到艾伦烯中。在钴催化的氢氰化，加氢酰化和氢芳基化的情况下，简单的烯烃以及烯胺是构建高度官能化的杂环和碳环的合适底物。还描述了上述方法在生物碱和相关化合物的合成中的应用。